At present, the number of households raising and breeding breeding stock (sows, ewes, cows, mares, female donkeys, etc.) and dairy females (milk cows, dairy goats) is increasing. This is a good thing, and has laid a good foundation for the rapid development of animal husbandry. Foundation. However, in the breeding process of breeding female and dairy dams, some lack of experience, there are certain technical problems and lack of effective measures, resulting in the phenomenon of low milk production and poor milk quality, directly affecting the livestock Normal growth and development, survival rate, milk production of the dams. To this end, the five effective measures to increase the milk production of the female livestock are now described as follows:
First, to strengthen the rearing of females during pregnancy
As we all know, the embryonic development of livestock is very slow during the pre-pregnancy period, but it grows quickly during the later stages of pregnancy. This is the common law of embryo development in various livestock. According to this law, the amount of nutrients required by female animals in the early stages of pregnancy is not large, and high quality nutrition is required to ensure the formation and development of various tissues and organs in the embryo. However, in the late pregnancy, especially in the last 1 to 2 months of pregnancy, the fetal growth process greatly exceeds the differentiation process and the growth is extremely rapid. At this time, the mother animals need a lot of nutrients to ensure the growth of the fetus. A large number of production practices have proved that it is of great significance to strengthen the rearing of female animals in the later stage of pregnancy, and properly increase the nutritional level, in order to increase the birth weight of the fetus, improve the damniness of the dams, and increase the postpartum milk yield. Therefore, for dairy cows during the dry period (usually about 50 to 60 days before delivery) and the last month of pregnancy, they must be given rich nutrition based on their sensation, appetite, digestion, and breast expansion. Good feeding and good feeding.
Second, pay attention to the postpartum lactation peak period of feeding and maintaining lactation rich nutrition combined
The postpartum lactation rate of the female livestock quickly rises to the peak (the pig is generally 5 to 20 days after childbirth, and the cow is 15 to 60 days after childbirth). This is the characteristic of the lactation performance of the female animal, and is also the period when the mother's lactation force is the most fully expressed. During this period, the breeding of herds is enhanced and the nutrition is increased, so that a good milk production effect can be obtained. We must make full use of this feature of the female animal and exert its potential for lactation. Practice has shown that strengthening the breeding of female lactating mothers at the peak of lactation can not only increase the lactation of the female animal and prolong the time of the peak lactation period, but also enable the maternity estrus to be mated earlier and increase the litter size of the female animal.
The nutrition must also be maintained throughout the lactation period. We know that with the progress of lactation, the decline in the lactation of the female animal is unavoidable, but the rate of decline is closely related to feeding. Nutrient-rich female animals have a slower decline in milk production, which increases the total production of the entire lactation period. At the same time, during the lactation period, especially during the prolific lactation period, the mother animals lose weight, and the weight loss of the high-yielding female animals is particularly significant. In order to prevent the significant decrease of the female carcass and ensure the healthy production of the female livestock, we must appropriately strengthen the rearing period of the lactation, emphasize the rich nutrition of the postpartum lactation peak period and the balanced breeding of the whole lactation period, and only in this way can the nursing mother be raised. the goal of.
Third, ensure the full supply of green succulent feed
Green feed, silage and tuber feeds have a good effect on the formation of breast milk. Because the green and succulent feeds contain relatively complete nutrients, especially legumes and grasses, the air-dried material contains 10% to 25% of the protein, which is approximately half of the protein in the bean cake, and the biological value of the protein is also high. . For example, the biological value of spring grass in general can reach 75% to 80%, while the biological value of peanut cake and bean cake is only 55% to 60%. At the same time, the protein of the green feed is mainly chlorophyll protein, which is a very high molecular compound. Feeding this protein to domestic animals will enable young animals to thrive and synthesize animal proteins. Especially for lactating mothers, this protein is also the best raw material for forming milk proteins. Because it contains abundant lysine, arginine, tryptophan and threonine and other important amino acids, it has the ability to promote gonad activity, cell division and lactation. It is proved that there are sufficient green feeds in summer and autumn, good hay and juicy feed (silver) in winter and spring, and that sufficient drinking water can ensure that the female animals have higher milk yield.
Fourth, ensure adequate drinking water for lactating female animals
Everyone knows that the lactation of the female animal contains 80% to 90% of the water. If the feed lacks moisture, and they do not pay attention to supplement the drinking water, it is bound to seriously affect the formation of milk. Practice has shown that increasing the amount of drinking water in lactating mothers plays an important role in increasing the milking power. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the full drinking of the lactating dam. If the dam is not willing to drink water, some salt or bran can be added to the water to encourage the female to drink water.
V. Establishing a normal feeding and management system
The secretion process of grazing milk is very complicated. Besides being directly affected by nutrition, it is also restricted by the activities of the central nervous system. Therefore, creating environmental conditions conducive to lactating the mother's milk and establishing a normal feeding and management system can effectively increase the amount of milk produced by the female animal. For example, breasts are given to nursing sows and dairy cows; for high-yielding sows and dairy cows, the number of milkings is correspondingly increased; for sows with fewer piglets and more teats, the nurses eat two nipples; the sow is alternately lying on both sides, By making full use of nipples, etc., the lactating power of female animals can be increased to varying degrees. On the other hand, the risk of lactation in the dams will be reduced if the dams are frightened, the environment or the housing is noisy, there is no regular pattern of work schedules, the rough handling of the dams, irregular operation methods, and lack of proper exercise. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the feeding and careful management of lactating grazing animals, to create favorable conditions in all aspects, to eliminate various stress factors, and to continuously increase the lactating power and milk yield of the female animals.
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