(1) Harvesting and processing of Ophiopogon japonicus is the root of lily plants Ophiopogon japonicus, Ophiopogon japonicus in Hubei, Ophiopogon japonicus Ophiopogon japonicus, Olympus and Ophiopogon japonicus. Ophiopogon japonicus warm and moist environment, cultivation or wild in Pingba, hills, mountains. Distributed in Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other provinces (districts) 500 counties (cities). Medicinal herbs used mainly in Ophiopogon japonicus. Ophiopogon japonicus, slightly bitter, slightly cold; return to the lungs, stomach, heart; with nourishing yin, Sheng Jin, lungs and cough function; used to dry dry cough, less thirst, Tianjin, distress, diphtheria embolism. The annual demand for Ox-Winter in the country is 3 500-4 000 tons.
1 harvest
(1) Zhejiang Ophiopogon. Produced in Zhejiang, Zhejiang Ophiopogon has a different starting date in each year. Cixi (formerly Yuyao) was the third year after the species was planted, and its products were thick and short-lived. It used to be called a garden garden or Yao Dong. The bridge is a kind of full-bodied stalk with a long, slightly slender root.
The Ophiopogon japonicus excavation is from the beginning of summer to the small full season, and no later than the Mane species. The roots of the whole plant were excavated and the roots of the belts were cut out (the seedlings could be used as seedlings for cultivation), washed with clean water until it was clean and white, and then dried. It should be noted that fibrous roots must be taken when cutting roots, because fibrous roots can act as conduits for removing water from the roots of roots. If fibrous roots are repaired prematurely, it is not conducive to water discharge from Ophiopogon japonicus, and the flowers will be black or rot at both ends.
(2) Sichuan Ophiopogon. Produced in Sichuan, Sichuan Ophiopogon japonicus in the second year after planting Qingming to GuYu mining, selected sunny days with a plow or a plough plowing 25-27 cm deep, so that the whole plant of Ophiopogon exposed soil, shake off the roots of the soil, cut with a knife The roots and fibrous roots are placed in a basket and rinsed in running water to wash the sediment. After the water is dried, rub it with both hands, then re-sun, then re-sun, and repeat 4-5 times. Then sieves are used to remove fibrous roots and impurities.
(3) Hubei Ophiopogon. Produced in Hubei, Hubei Ophiopogon takes more than spring, wash the soil, remove fine roots, and dry.
2 processing technology
(1) Wash. Wash with water.
(2) Drying. Because Ophiopogon contains a lot of mucus, texture soft, sweet and sticky, easy to damp heat during storage, easy to mold, oil, severely affect the clinical efficacy. To ensure the quality of medicines, good Ophiopogon should be dried off. Ophiopogon drying methods are the following:
1st sun drying stuffing method. The method is to spread clean Ophiopogon thinly on a bamboo mat and expose it to sunlight and heap stuffy in the hot sun. This is repeated 3 times. The first 3-5 days of drying, and then dug 2-3 days, so that the internal water back. The second time in the sun for 3-4 days, boring for 3-4 days. The third time the sun 4-5 days, nausea 6-7 days, this time Ophiopogon has been about 80% dry, you can repair both ends of the fibrous roots, and then re-sun 1 times, while hot loaded in the wooden box, stepping , Cover. The sun exposure method takes 20-25 days.
2 drying method. The method is to set the Ophiopogon japonicus on a special baking system. Put the bamboo curtain on it first, and then put Ophiopogon japonicus, about 15 centimeters thick, cover the thin linen, and control the temperature at 50-60°C, bake for 3-4 hours, and turn it evenly. 1 times, so that baking, turning, drying 2-3 days to dry. In the baking process, the firepower should be gradually reduced to prevent coke bake, and finally the roots can be trimmed.
The sun drying process takes a long time, requires more work, but the product has a better color. The baking process is time-saving, free from weather restrictions, and is less likely to be oiled. However, the color of the finished product is not as bright as the drying method. Not good, easy to bake to old yellow or bake.
3 overhead aerial film covering method. The method is to wash the excavated Ophiopogon japonicus with roots, place it on a bamboo mat or a reed in an open air highland, spread it into 2-3 cm thick, cover it with airtight polyethylene plastic film, and use a wooden stick or Blocked bricks, exposed to dry day and night, remove, sieve fibrous roots, gray miscellaneous, that is, too.
According to reports, covering with plastic film can increase the heat utilization rate of sunlight and increase the drying temperature. In sunny days with an outdoor temperature of 20-25°C, the temperature in the film can reach 38-42°C, and it can even reach 45°C at noon, thereby accelerating the evaporation of Ophiopogon japonicus. It usually takes only 1 week to dry completely. Compared with the direct solarization and the use of rubbing, rubbing, twisting, stepping and other processes, the drying time of this method is reduced by as much as two-thirds. However, pay attention to 3 points in the operating procedures: First, Ophiopogon japonicus must not cut fibrous roots after harvesting, otherwise, due to root injury, water, very susceptible to microbial contamination and mildew. The second is that the drying equipment must be off the ground, and the height of the overhead is more than 30 centimeters. When the Ophiopogon japonica is dry, the evaporated water has a place to go. Third, Ophiopogon drying is best done in even sunny days.
The method of drying Ophiopogon japonicus, the finished product is white, bright and beautiful, and the quality meets the requirements. At the same time, it also has the advantages of simple equipment, energy saving, low labor intensity, favorable storage, and suitable for homework operations.
3 concocted
(1) Whole Ophiopogon japonicus and Ophiopogon japonicus (or chapped). The original drug to remove impurities and discoloration of oil, fast wash soft, with mechanical rolling flat or manually knocked with a wooden ruler, dry, sieve to remove dust.
(2) Cinnabar with Ophiopogon. Take net Ophiopogon, spray a little, moisten, add cinnabar powder, mix well, remove and dry. For every 10 kilograms of Ophiopogon, use 0.2 kg of cinnabar powder.
(3) Boat-shaped Ophiopogon (Ophiopogon japonicus). The raw Ophiopogon japonicus soaked in water for 10-45 minutes, run for 1 day until the foam is l-2.5 times dry matter, the left hand grasping the middle part, the right hand with a pliers to clamp the end of the tip, slowly moving out of the wooden heart, Use two round knives to lower the length of the Ophiopogon at 2/6 of the length, lower the depth of the knife by 1/3, and evenly move backwards to 5/6, lift the knife slightly, lean to the side by 1/2 depth and push To the 2/6 place, pull out the knife, slowly open the Ophiopogon japonicus with both hands, see the middle of a stalk, and then gently use the middle finger to top the middle of Ophiopogon, making it slightly convex into a boat.
(B) packaging and storage Ophiopogon multi-purpose wooden boxes, placed in a cool, dry and ventilated place, stored in a large amount of cold storage; artillery products stored in a dry container, moisture, mold, anti-discoloration oil. After the dampening, the oil panned black and it was found that the damp should be promptly turned over.
1 harvest
(1) Zhejiang Ophiopogon. Produced in Zhejiang, Zhejiang Ophiopogon has a different starting date in each year. Cixi (formerly Yuyao) was the third year after the species was planted, and its products were thick and short-lived. It used to be called a garden garden or Yao Dong. The bridge is a kind of full-bodied stalk with a long, slightly slender root.
The Ophiopogon japonicus excavation is from the beginning of summer to the small full season, and no later than the Mane species. The roots of the whole plant were excavated and the roots of the belts were cut out (the seedlings could be used as seedlings for cultivation), washed with clean water until it was clean and white, and then dried. It should be noted that fibrous roots must be taken when cutting roots, because fibrous roots can act as conduits for removing water from the roots of roots. If fibrous roots are repaired prematurely, it is not conducive to water discharge from Ophiopogon japonicus, and the flowers will be black or rot at both ends.
(2) Sichuan Ophiopogon. Produced in Sichuan, Sichuan Ophiopogon japonicus in the second year after planting Qingming to GuYu mining, selected sunny days with a plow or a plough plowing 25-27 cm deep, so that the whole plant of Ophiopogon exposed soil, shake off the roots of the soil, cut with a knife The roots and fibrous roots are placed in a basket and rinsed in running water to wash the sediment. After the water is dried, rub it with both hands, then re-sun, then re-sun, and repeat 4-5 times. Then sieves are used to remove fibrous roots and impurities.
(3) Hubei Ophiopogon. Produced in Hubei, Hubei Ophiopogon takes more than spring, wash the soil, remove fine roots, and dry.
2 processing technology
(1) Wash. Wash with water.
(2) Drying. Because Ophiopogon contains a lot of mucus, texture soft, sweet and sticky, easy to damp heat during storage, easy to mold, oil, severely affect the clinical efficacy. To ensure the quality of medicines, good Ophiopogon should be dried off. Ophiopogon drying methods are the following:
1st sun drying stuffing method. The method is to spread clean Ophiopogon thinly on a bamboo mat and expose it to sunlight and heap stuffy in the hot sun. This is repeated 3 times. The first 3-5 days of drying, and then dug 2-3 days, so that the internal water back. The second time in the sun for 3-4 days, boring for 3-4 days. The third time the sun 4-5 days, nausea 6-7 days, this time Ophiopogon has been about 80% dry, you can repair both ends of the fibrous roots, and then re-sun 1 times, while hot loaded in the wooden box, stepping , Cover. The sun exposure method takes 20-25 days.
2 drying method. The method is to set the Ophiopogon japonicus on a special baking system. Put the bamboo curtain on it first, and then put Ophiopogon japonicus, about 15 centimeters thick, cover the thin linen, and control the temperature at 50-60°C, bake for 3-4 hours, and turn it evenly. 1 times, so that baking, turning, drying 2-3 days to dry. In the baking process, the firepower should be gradually reduced to prevent coke bake, and finally the roots can be trimmed.
The sun drying process takes a long time, requires more work, but the product has a better color. The baking process is time-saving, free from weather restrictions, and is less likely to be oiled. However, the color of the finished product is not as bright as the drying method. Not good, easy to bake to old yellow or bake.
3 overhead aerial film covering method. The method is to wash the excavated Ophiopogon japonicus with roots, place it on a bamboo mat or a reed in an open air highland, spread it into 2-3 cm thick, cover it with airtight polyethylene plastic film, and use a wooden stick or Blocked bricks, exposed to dry day and night, remove, sieve fibrous roots, gray miscellaneous, that is, too.
According to reports, covering with plastic film can increase the heat utilization rate of sunlight and increase the drying temperature. In sunny days with an outdoor temperature of 20-25°C, the temperature in the film can reach 38-42°C, and it can even reach 45°C at noon, thereby accelerating the evaporation of Ophiopogon japonicus. It usually takes only 1 week to dry completely. Compared with the direct solarization and the use of rubbing, rubbing, twisting, stepping and other processes, the drying time of this method is reduced by as much as two-thirds. However, pay attention to 3 points in the operating procedures: First, Ophiopogon japonicus must not cut fibrous roots after harvesting, otherwise, due to root injury, water, very susceptible to microbial contamination and mildew. The second is that the drying equipment must be off the ground, and the height of the overhead is more than 30 centimeters. When the Ophiopogon japonica is dry, the evaporated water has a place to go. Third, Ophiopogon drying is best done in even sunny days.
The method of drying Ophiopogon japonicus, the finished product is white, bright and beautiful, and the quality meets the requirements. At the same time, it also has the advantages of simple equipment, energy saving, low labor intensity, favorable storage, and suitable for homework operations.
3 concocted
(1) Whole Ophiopogon japonicus and Ophiopogon japonicus (or chapped). The original drug to remove impurities and discoloration of oil, fast wash soft, with mechanical rolling flat or manually knocked with a wooden ruler, dry, sieve to remove dust.
(2) Cinnabar with Ophiopogon. Take net Ophiopogon, spray a little, moisten, add cinnabar powder, mix well, remove and dry. For every 10 kilograms of Ophiopogon, use 0.2 kg of cinnabar powder.
(3) Boat-shaped Ophiopogon (Ophiopogon japonicus). The raw Ophiopogon japonicus soaked in water for 10-45 minutes, run for 1 day until the foam is l-2.5 times dry matter, the left hand grasping the middle part, the right hand with a pliers to clamp the end of the tip, slowly moving out of the wooden heart, Use two round knives to lower the length of the Ophiopogon at 2/6 of the length, lower the depth of the knife by 1/3, and evenly move backwards to 5/6, lift the knife slightly, lean to the side by 1/2 depth and push To the 2/6 place, pull out the knife, slowly open the Ophiopogon japonicus with both hands, see the middle of a stalk, and then gently use the middle finger to top the middle of Ophiopogon, making it slightly convex into a boat.
(B) packaging and storage Ophiopogon multi-purpose wooden boxes, placed in a cool, dry and ventilated place, stored in a large amount of cold storage; artillery products stored in a dry container, moisture, mold, anti-discoloration oil. After the dampening, the oil panned black and it was found that the damp should be promptly turned over.
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