Control strategies of multiple system failure syndrome after weaning pigs

The post-weaning multisystem failure syndrome (pmws) is a new viral disease caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infection. In recent years, the pig-breeding industry has created a considerable economy. The loss has become one of the major diseases that endanger pig production. In addition to causing pmws, pcv2 infection can also lead to reproductive disorders in sows, respiratory diseases in sucking and finishing pigs, pig dermatitis and nephrotic syndrome (pdns), and congenital tremors in pigs. To date, pcv2 infections and diseases have been globally distributed and have received increasing attention. In the near future, we investigated the clinical incidence of large-scale swine farms in Beijing, Tianjin, Guangdong, Shenzhen, Shandong, and Shanxi, and combined with PCR diagnosis, found that 11 pig farms caused pmvs infection caused by pcv2, and 1 farm performance. For pdns, it shows that more and more pigs have been infected by pmws in large-scale pig farms in China, which has caused great economic losses to many pig farms. The control of the disease should be given sufficient attention. In this article, the epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, necropsy features and control strategies of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome are briefly described for reference. First, the prevalence of multiple system failure syndrome after weaning. Pmws was the first confirmed disease caused by pcv2 infection. The disease was first observed in a pig farm in western Canada in 1991, but the exact diagnosis was reported in 1996. Since then, the occurrence and prevalence of the disease have been reported throughout the world. The common pmws occur mainly in piglets during lactation and nursery care, especially in pigs aged 5-12 weeks, and usually begin 2-3 days or a week after weaning. In acutely affected pigs, the mortality rate is up to 10%. However, death rates are often increased by more than 25% due to the concurrent or secondary bacterial or viral infection. In the pigs we surveyed, the age of onset was 6-8 weeks, the incidence was 20%-60%, and the mortality rate was 5%-35%. Second, the clinical manifestations of multiple systemic failure syndrome after weaning. There are six basic manifestations of clinical symptoms of pmws. The most common clinical symptoms are progressive wasting or growth retardation of pigs. This is also the clinical basis necessary for the diagnosis of pmws. Other symptoms include dyspnea, inguinal lymphadenopathy, and diarrhea. Anemia and jaundice. All the above basic clinical symptoms may not be seen in one pig, but all the symptoms can be seen in the affected pigs. Less common clinical symptoms are cough, fever, stomach ulcers, central nervous system disorders, and sudden death. Some clinical symptoms may be related to secondary infections or entirely caused by secondary infections. Third, control strategies for multiple system failure syndrome after weaning. Pmws can cause high mortality in piglets, resulting in economic losses, so how to control the disease has become a new issue facing pig production. According to the prevalence and pathogenesis of pmws, the experience of controlling pmws in Europe and the United States, combined with our recent experience in the control of some diseased pig farms and the actual pig production in China, the following control measures are proposed. 1. Change and improve feeding methods. In order to reduce the pigs' chance of contact infection with pcv2, pigs are required to feed all pigs in different stages. 2. Establish a comprehensive biosafety system for pig farms and apply disinfection and sanitation work to all aspects of pig production. Minimize the pathogenic microorganisms in pig farms and reduce or eliminate the chance of secondary infection in pigs. Since pcv2 is resistant to common disinfectants, a broad spectrum of disinfectants such as iodine preparations, adsorbent active organochlorines, and propylene glycol chloromonium chloride complex iodine should be considered in the selection of disinfectants. 3, to strengthen the feeding and management of herds and reduce the stress factors of herds. Many stress factors can induce and promote the occurrence of pmws and aggravate the condition of the affected pigs. As a result, the mortality rate increases. Therefore, stress factors in the herd should be reduced as much as possible, and feeds that are mildewed or contain mycotoxins should be avoided. Make ventilation and ventilation of the pig house, improve the air quality of the pig house, and reduce the ammonia concentration. Keep the pig house dry and reduce the stocking density of the herd. 4, to improve the nutritional level of herds. Since pcv2 infection can lead to decreased immune function in herds, nutrition is an important factor affecting pmws. By improving the level of protein, amino acids, vitamins, and trace elements in pigs, improving the quality of feed, increasing feed intake of weaned pigs, feeding piglets with wet or congee materials, and ensuring sufficient drinking water for piglets, it can be to a certain extent. Reduce the incidence of PMWS and the resulting losses. 5. Adopt a comprehensive drug prevention program to control bacterial secondary infections in pigs. No effective drug can be used for the treatment of pmws. Even if some secondary bacterial diseases have poor therapeutic effects, drug prevention should be used in advance to control bacterial secondary infection. For the current incidence characteristics of pmws in China's swine herds and application effects in actual production, the following drug prevention programs are recommended: (1) Piglet administration: Suckling piglets are injected with three needles at 3, 7 and 21 days of age, or Injection of fast-eliminating two needles at 10 and 21 days of age; one week before weaning and one month after weaning, feeding with Zhiyuanjing (50 ppm) + chlortetracycline or oxytetracycline or doxycycline (150 ppm) At the same time, use amoxicillin (500 ppm) to drink water; or add 400 grams of Tengjun “Gaikang” to each ton of feed, and use it for 1 week before and after weaning. (2) Sow medication: Sows were fed with net raw (100 pm) + aureomycin or oxytetracycline (300 ppm) one week before and one week after birth. In the near future, we have adopted this program to significantly control the secondary infections of swine farms with pmws disease, which has greatly reduced the mortality rate of the pig population. 6. Immunize the vaccines for swine fever, pseudorabies, porcine parvovirus infection, and asthma. Pvv2-infected pig farms can no longer have swine fever and pseudorabies, otherwise the economic loss will be greater. According to our survey, the incidence and mortality of pmws are significantly lower in swine farms with inactivated porcine asthma than in farms without vaccines. It is clear that immunization with asthma vaccines can improve the respiratory and lung immunity in pigs. Force can reduce the secondary infection of respiratory pathogens, but also can increase the resistance of the lung to pcv2.

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