The loach is a genus of oystercatchers, pupa, and loach genus. The loach has a strong vitality, rapid reproduction, and miscellaneous feeds. It is one of the most easily reared and highly productive fishes. Muddy meat is delicious, nutritious, high protein content; also contains fat, riboflavin, phosphorus, iron and other nutrients; in medicine, it has a certain effect on facial blepharospasm, mumps, etc., and is also the main aquatic products exported one. It has become the main species for small water surface culture such as garden breeding and pit ponds. (A) Features Loach body is longer, the first stage of a garden, the latter side of the flat. Eyes small, mouth down, lips developed, mouth to be 5 pairs. Small scales buried under the skin, pectoral fins, caudal fins garden, the base has a garden black spots. The body is grayish black and mixed with many irregular black spots. The body color generally differs depending on the living environment. The abdomen has a lighter color and is rich in body fluids. Loach is a low-lying fish that mostly inhabits the bottom layer of still water and soft mud. Except for special reasons, it is generally less than the upper and middle layers of water. The suitable water temperature for growth is 15 to 30°C, and the optimum growth temperature is 25 to 27°C. When the water temperature is below 5°C, or above 35°C in the summer, and when there is less water in the drought, it will dive into the muddy layer to dormancy. As long as moisture in the soil can moisturize the skin, it can sustain life. In addition to lice and skin respiration, mud loaches can also perform intestinal respiration, which is its unique physiological phenomenon. Its thin bowel wall and rich blood vessels can exchange gas. When there is lack of oxygen in the water, it floats on the water surface, sucks in air, absorbs oxygen in the intestine, and then discharges the exhaust gas from the anus. Another feature of the muddy is that it will escape. When the pool water rises, as long as there is a hole in the pool, it will escape in large quantities. Especially in the spring and summer evenings or on rainy days, when the water level rises, muddy water can easily escape from the inlet and outlet. Therefore, the prevention of flight is an important link in the process of artificial breeding of loach. The loach is omnivorous. In the seedling stage, when the body length is less than 5 cm, it mainly eats Cladocera zooplankton. When it is 5-8 cm in length, it turns into omnivorous foods. Besides crustaceans, insect larvae, silkworms, and other benthic animals, it also feeds on algae, higher plants, organic residues, and debris. When the body grows to more than 8 cm in length, it mainly feeds on plant-based foods such as diatoms and roots, leaves and seeds of higher plants. Muddy gluttony is particularly gluttonous. In natural waters, it feeds more at night, and during spawning and growing seasons, it also feeds during the day. When the water temperature is 25-27°C, the appetite is the most prosperous and the growth is rapid. When the water temperature exceeds 30°C or lower than 15°C, the appetite decreases and the growth is slow. Loach generally 1 winter age reach sexual maturity. Spawning period is from April to September, with the highest in May to July, and the suitable water temperature is 25-26°C. At the time of spawning, males tightly wrap the female fish and press the abdomen of the female fish to excrete the eggs. At the same time, the male fish discharge sperm to perform in vitro fertilization. Eggs often grow in the ditch, shallow water, paddy fields, water plants and seedling roots. Egg yellow, garden-shaped, poor adhesion. (B) Loach breeding 1. Natural spawning and reproduction: Put pro-gland in the spawning pond. When the water temperature rises above 18°C, place brown dissected pieces, poplar willow roots and aquatic plants in the pond as fish nests. After the muddy spawning was found, the nests with eggs were transferred to hatching ponds, and they were placed in new fish nests until they were spawned again. Fertilized egg hatching does not require high water temperature and water quality. Normally, the aquaculture water can be hatched. The optimum water temperature is 20-28°C, and the larvae can produce a film about 2 days later. 2. Artificial oxytocide: When the temperature is appropriate in April and May, it will be picked up by relatives. The abdomen is soft and the color is slightly pink. The broodstock near the spawning sign is 12 cm in length and 50 g or more in weight. The best about 60 grams of individuals, for drug production. At the dose, 1 female PG or LRH-A5-10 micrograms can be used for each female, and the male dose is halved. The spawning progeny is then placed in a spawning pool and allowed to spawn or fertilize on its own. Finally, the nest of the fertilized eggs is hatched into the hatchery. This method can obtain seedlings on a timely and large scale and in a planned manner. 3, put the species to supplement breeding: This is the easiest way to reproduce. That is, put appropriate amount of mature loach in the rearing water body, but no other fish can be stocked first, put artificial fish nests into the breeding season, spawn in the breeding ponds, and hatch in the original ponds. The seedlings can be cultivated in small boxes, and then still Feeded in the original pool. (3) Artificial rearing in the pool: It is generally adopted by producers who specialize in mud aquaculture. The bottom of the pond is good for mud. If it is a concrete pool, it should be 15-20 centimeters deep. The area of ​​the pond should not be too large, about an acre or so, 30 to 40 kilograms per acre of loach. Base fertilizers should be applied prior to planting loach, mainly organic fertilizers, and a large number of zooplankton animals should be cultivated as loach. After the seeds are planted, they gradually strengthen the feed and feed organic fertilizers. The main types of feeds are rice bran, bean cake, bran, bean dregs, cocoon powder, alfalfa and food processing waste. Fertilizers are livestock manure, crop straw composting, etc. If the water temperature is higher than 30 °C or lower than 10 °C, the amount of feeding should be reduced. General breeding 8? 10 months can be captured, high yield per mu up to 1200-2000 kg. Each body is 25 centimeters long and its body weight is 40-60 grams. Macheng City Special Aquatic Research Institute for many years for dragon mud loach species 42 yuan per kilogram. Address: Macheng City, Hubei Province, North West Road West Xie ecological farm Contact: Yu Jisheng Tel 13593663896
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