The fattening of donkey meat donkeys can be divided into the following four systems depending on their performance, purpose and object. According to the performance plan, it can be divided into ordinary meat donkey fattening and high-grade donkey fattening; according to age, it can be divided into larvae fattening, young donkey fattening, adult donkeys and eliminated donkey fattening; according to the material classification, can be divided into fine material type Fattening, raw material combined with fattening.
The fattening purpose of meat donkeys is to scientifically apply forage materials and management techniques to obtain the highest meat quality and nutritional value of high quality donkey meat in a shorter period of time with less feed and lower cost. Donkeys of all ages or different weights can be used for fattening.
To make the donkey fattening as soon as possible, the nutrients for the donkey must be higher than normal growth and development, so the fattening is also called overfeeding.
1. Varieties and fattening donkeys of different varieties have greater differences in nutritional requirements during the fattening period. In general, meat donkeys need less nutrients for the same daily gain than non-meat varieties.
2, age and fattening donkey at different growth stages, during the fattening period requires different levels of nutrition. Young donkeys are in a period of vigorous growth. An important part of weight gain is bones, muscles and meat, so the protein content of feed should be higher. The main part of an adult donkey gaining weight during fattening is fat. At this time, the protein content of the feed can be relatively low and the energy should be higher. The total amount of nutrients required for unit weight gain is the youngest donkey and the oldest donkey. However, the young donkey's digestive function is not as good as the aging donkey, so young donkeys require higher feed quality.
During the period of fattening, the donkey's weight gain in the early stage is mainly muscle and bone, and the latter is mainly deposition fat. Therefore, sufficient protein and proper heat energy should be supplied in the early period of fattening, and sufficient energy should be supplied later. Donkeys of any age, when fat is deposited to a certain extent, their viability declines, their appetite decreases, their feed conversion rate decreases, their daily weight gain decreases, and if they continue to grow fat, it is not economical. Generally, the younger the age, the longer the period of fattening, such as young pupa need more than 1 year. The older you are, the shorter the period of fattening, such as an adult donkey only takes 3 to 4 months. The length of the fattening period is also affected by feed quality and feeding methods. The feed efficiency of grazing is lower than that of feeding, so the fattening period of the grazing donkey is longer than that of the donkey.
3. The environmental temperature and fattening environment temperature have a greater impact on the nutritional requirements and daily weight gain of fattening donkeys. In the low temperature environment, in order to withstand the cold, the donkey needs to increase calorific value to maintain body temperature, so that a relatively large amount of nutrients are lost through metabolic heat to heat energy and feed utilization rate is decreased. When in a high temperature environment, the number of breathing times of the donkey increases and the feed intake decreases. If the temperature is too high, it will result in food stoppage. In particular, the donkey's fat is more fat in the later period of the fattening period, and the high temperature hazard is more serious. According to the physiological characteristics of the donkey, the suitable temperature is 16 to 24°C.
4. Different feed types and meat quality feed types will directly affect the quality of donkey meat. Through the regulation of feeding, it is an important means to increase meat production and quality. Without affecting the health and digestion of the donkey, the more nutrients it gives in the short term, the higher the daily gain it gains. The less feed consumed per kilogram of weight gain, the higher the slaughter, and the higher the benefit. The nutritional status of the donkey during the fattening period has a great influence on the meat production and meat quality. Only the donkey with good fattening quality has the best meat quality and meat quality. The type of feed has an important influence on the color and taste of the meat. Donkeys fattened from yellow corn have a yellow flesh and fat with a strong aroma. Feeding granular hay powder and concentrates can quickly deposit fat in muscle fibers and improve meat quality. Feeding more feeds containing more iron Concentrated flesh, more buckwheat is lighter. The efficiency of feed conversion to muscle is much higher than the efficiency of feed conversion to fat.
5. The slaughter weight and feed utilization slaughter weight are determined by the market demand. Slaughter weight, different feed consumption and utilization are also different. The general rule is that the greater the slaughter weight of the donkey, the lower the feed utilization rate.
6. In the same variety of slaughter weight and meat quality, meat quality has a close relationship with slaughter weight. Slaughter weight, donkey quality is not as good as slaughter. At present, there is no standard in our country and we can refer to the standard of cattle.
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