Why air disinfection?
There are two main reasons:
First of all:
Air disinfection is carried out as the last step in the disinfection process after different batches or after the whole group is transferred out. This is usually done after the main disinfection process has been completed, various mobile equipment and litter have been transferred to the pig house. Its purpose is threefold:
Control of pathogen contamination introduced by mobile equipment and litter.
Used to sterilize areas that cannot be covered by conventional disinfection. These areas may be in special locations or too close to electrical equipment and cannot be routinely disinfected.
Helps reduce dust from previous processes.
It should be emphasized that air disinfection is a part of the overall disinfection process and cannot replace conventional disinfection.
Second:
When there are pigs in the pig house, only air disinfection is allowed. There are three purposes for sterilizing pigs:
Inhibit the spread of pathogens in the air.
Reduce the level of dust.
Inhibits endotoxin in the air (toxins produced by specific bacteria that adhere to dust particles, - this toxin has a significant effect on the health and productivity of the herd). Impact on pigs.
Air disinfection is used as an application and can be performed daily, even more frequently, with good results.
From the article published by Poul Baekbo at the International Society of Veterinary Swine Diseases in 1998 (Report of the International Association of Veterinary Veterinary Medicine in 1998), it can be seen that the disinfection of swine pigs with pigs can have significant effects. His research shows that endotoxin on dust particles is associated with respiratory diseases in herds. In environments where dust is present, pigs are exposed to smaller doses of pathogens that can cause clinical pneumonia. Air sterilisation in this case will not only kill pathogens, but also reduce dust, which can effectively control the incidence of clinical pneumonia in pigs, especially in pig farms where pneumonia is a problem.
How to air sterilize?
There are four ways to disinfect the disinfectant into suspended particles in the air in the pig house.
Sprayer Spray - Spray with a sprayer or high pressure cleaner. In this way, the suspended particles produced are larger and have a higher spray capacity, but the time of hovering in the air is shorter.
Nebulizer spray - (also known as cold fog) is achieved by a mechanical atomizer (eg an atomizer manufactured by Stihl & Curtis Dyna-Fog GmbH). This method produces less droplets, more uniform spray, and stronger penetration.
Fumigation - The two chemicals are mixed together to produce a vapor mist disinfectant. This approach is actually limited to formaldehyde and related products.
Hot Mist Spray - Similar to atomizer spray but requires heating of the disinfectant to create a smaller vapor mist. This droplet is very small, the longest hover, the strongest penetration.
What disinfectant should I use?
Different disinfectant products available for selection:
Formaldehyde - used for fumigation. Theoretically, it can also be used for other three methods. It is cheap and very effective. However, the disadvantage is that it poses a threat to the health of humans and animals (it will stimulate people's skin and mucous membranes, cause respiratory problems, asthma, allergies, and have a carcinogenic effect). The residue on the wall can be maintained for several days. Damage effects are additive. From a modern health and safety perspective, this method is debatable. This method obviously cannot be used for sterilizing pigs.
Glutaraldehyde - Its effects and side effects are similar to those of formaldehyde. The only difference is that this disinfectant does not have a pungent odor, which makes it more dangerous than formaldehyde.
Glutaraldehyde - Quaternary Mixture - This disinfectant is less effective than glutaraldehyde alone, and still has high toxicity. The effect is not very good, it is not very safe, so it is rarely used.
Virkon S - This is a synergistic oxidant solution. The test confirmed that this disinfectant has a wide range of killing effects on various pathogens of pigs. And for humans and livestock, this disinfectant has no harm. Therefore, this disinfectant can be used both for the final air disinfection in the disinfection process and also for pig sterilization.
MAFF Certified Utility Table
The following table shows the results of MAFF's efficacy evaluations for the three disinfectants. As can be seen from this table, Virkon-S has the strongest efficacy.
Products / Diseases Foot-and-mouth disease Pig blister disease Formaldehyde 1:9 1:9
Glutaraldehyde / quaternary ammonia 1:80 unconfirmed
Virkon S 1:1300 1:200
Which method is best?
The answer to this question varies according to the specific circumstances. Various ways have their use scenarios.
Spraying is suitable for more efficient rooms or stables, as well as for livestock houses with severe dust problems. Can be carried with pigs.
Vapor fog is more suitable for large, higher pig houses. The droplets are small and the hovering time is long. This method is also suitable for sterilizing pigs.
Fumigation can only be used for sterilisation. Low price, complete disinfection. The main disadvantage is that the disinfectant used poses a significant health threat (eg formaldehyde).
Hot fog This method is very effective for very large livestock houses. Uniformity is very good. However, the equipment generates strong noise and causes stress to the herd. This method has been widely used in the poultry industry.
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