Reasonable grass soil is good
There are two main ways to use grass:
First, the orchard grows grass. Orchard grass can alleviate the direct erosion of soil and soil erosion by rainfall; in summer, it can effectively reduce the surface temperature of soil and improve the relative humidity of near surface and canopy; the residue of grass can be degraded and transformed in soil, which can form humus and improve Organic matter content in the soil.
The second is that the orchard is covered with grass. The orchard covering grass can effectively reduce water evaporation, impede snowfall, and play the role of water retention and drought prevention; it can maintain soil temperature stability, reduce soil erosion, stabilize the root layer soil environment, and significantly increase soil organic matter content.
Organic fertilizer is a magic weapon
Adding organic fertilizer can improve soil water retention and fertilizer retention capacity. In the autumn, fertilization is mainly based on organic fertilizer. It is recommended that the “sweet fruit and fertilizer†be applied to the fully decomposed manure organic fertilizer. Soybean meal and bean cake are recommended to be 200-300 kg per mu, and bio-organic fertilizer is recommended to be about 300 kg per mu.
Due to the general lack of organic fertilizer input in the old apple orchard, it is recommended to optimize the fertilization by local optimization and gradually improve the whole garden. Because it is not necessary to realize the whole garden improvement at one time, it is not necessary to change the soil locally. The method is to dig a hole with a diameter of about 40 cm and a depth of about 40 cm in the crown projection. The number is generally about 4, and the base fertilizer and the soil are mixed and placed in the hole to fill. Exchange the location of the hole every year.
Less fertilization by science
The orchard with an output of more than 4,500 kg per mu is recommended to apply nitrogen fertilizer (N) 15 to 25 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 7.5 to 12.5 kg/mu, potash fertilizer (K2O) 15 to 25 kg/mu; orchard with an yield of 3,500 to 4,500 kg per mu. It is recommended that nitrogen fertilizer (N) 10-20 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 5-10 kg/mu, potash fertilizer (K2O) 10-20 kg/mu; orchard with a yield of 3500 kg or less is recommended to apply nitrogen fertilizer (N) 10~ 15 kg / mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O) 5 ~ 10 kg / mu, potash fertilizer (K2O) 10 ~ 15 kg / mu. The orchard with zinc deficiency, boron and calcium in the soil is correspondingly applied with zinc sulfate 1~1.5 kg/mu, borax 0.5-1 kg/mu, calcium nitrate 20 kg/mu, mixed with organic fertilizer after September to October. Apply.
In addition, scientific methods of fertilization should also be mastered. The base fertilizer application method uses acupoint application or ditch application, and the depth of the hole or groove is about 40 cm. The top dressing recommendation is to use the radiant ditch method, the ditch depth is about 20 cm, from 50 cm from the trunk to the canopy projection.
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