After entering December, the leaves of the pear tree fell off into the dormant period, and the pests and diseases also entered the latent wintering period. Doing a good job of clearing the garden in winter can do more with less than reducing the pests and diseases of the pear tree in the coming year, and can also minimize the use of pesticides in the coming year. The main technical measures are as follows:
Plastic trim
The pruning time is from early December to the end of February the following year, using a natural happy-shaped canopy.
Pruning method: control the tree height, the crown height is within 2.5 meters, remove the central upright branch, keep the tree airy and transparent; keep the amount of fruiting branches and flower buds according to the yield, and choose the extension branch; thin out the long and dense branches on the back , Pruning diseased and dead branches.
Clear Garden in Winter
Clean orchards: Clean orchards can eliminate the source of germs and insects that overwinter in dried pear tree branches and orchard deciduous weeds.
Technical points: (1) Bark scraping. As the saying goes: "Eat pears and shave the bark." Immediately after pruning, scrape the rough old skin, warped skin, and cracked skin from the trunk of the pear tree. Scrap the skin with coarse skin and diseased skin to reveal light brown. The cortex is suitable to reduce the winter pests and diseases in the gaps between the thick and old bark. (2) Remove the orchard stumps and dead fruit weeds and concentrate them for deep burial or burning, which can increase the source of organic fertilizer and reduce the source of winter diseases and insects.
Trunk whitening: Whitening the trunk can reduce the temperature difference between the day and night of the trunk and play a role in preventing frost; it can eliminate the germ and insect eggs remaining on the trunk and protect the trunk wound.
Technical points: After shaving the bark, whiten the trunk of the pear tree, starting from the rhizome to the main branch bifurcation within 1 meter. Preparation of white coating agent: 10 parts of quicklime, 0.5 parts of sulfur powder, 0.2 parts of table salt, 0.2 parts of animal oil, and 35 parts of water are mixed.
Pharmacy clearing: Use mineral and plant medicaments to clear the garden to eliminate and eliminate the source of overwintering diseases and insects on the branches of pears.
Technical points: After cleaning the orchard, clear the orchard with medicine. Pear orchards mainly containing mites and diseases can be sprayed 100 times with 70% barium sulfur powder; for pear orchards mainly with crickets, 45% orchard powder 80 ～ Spray 100 times or 300% sodium rosinate water 300 times to eliminate overwintering diseases and insect pests, and reduce diseases and insect pests of pear trees in the coming year.
Deep fertilization
Fertilization increases organic fertilizer to improve soil, increase tree nutrient accumulation, and promote high-quality and high-yield pear trees in the coming year; deep turning can kill overwintering eggs in the soil or reduce its survival rate.
Technical points: (1) Dig a trench with a depth of 30 to 40 cm and a length of 80 to 100 cm under the drip line of the canopy. 50 kg of organic fertilizer such as rotten fertilizer and weed per plant, and 1 to 1.5 kg of special compound fertilizer for fruit trees. Then cover the soil in time. (2) Till the orchard soil to eliminate diseases and insect pests such as flower buds and winter worms that overwinter in the soil. The ploughing depth should be about 20 to 30 cm. (3) Clean up the orchard ditch, which is beneficial to orchard drainage and irrigation, and enhances soil aeration and root vitality.
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