Nowadays, the amount of fertilizer used in agricultural fertilization is increasing. Farmers are often told that fertilizer is not used less each year, and they are all brand-name products. They can always have lower fertilizer efficiency than others. . The implementation of fertilizer must also be in the right place at the right time. To analyze it, you may wish to find the reasons from the following aspects.
First, some farmers do not look at soil thickness and fertilization. Some farmers do not look at soil thickness and fertilization, which affects fertilizer efficiency. Chemical fertilizers cannot be used blindly. For example, the economic benefits of applying nitrogen fertilizer in fertilizer fields are not high, and there are even side effects. If it is applied in low-yield fields, the yield increase effect is 2-3 times higher than that in fertilizer fields. Phosphate fertilizer is applied to phosphorus-deficient soil. The yield is about three times higher than that in soils without phosphorus deficiency. Therefore, we must adapt to local conditions and fertilize soil. In addition, there are differences in soil texture. Sandy soils should be applied with more organic fertilizers such as soil fertilizers and stalks to return the soil to gradually improve the soil structure. Clay soils generally have poor permeability and slow fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, the application of organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed and applied, and the topdressing chemical fertilizer should be applied early, and "eat more and raise less" should be applied. Excessive nitrogen fertilizers should not be used in the later period. The soil texture is good and suitable for the growth of various crops. Generally, the fertilizer can be applied in a timely and appropriate manner according to the yield requirements and crop growth. When fertilizing, long-acting and short-acting fertilizers should be combined, and organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers should be combined to fertilize the soil and combine nutrition.
2. Fertilizers are not applied depending on the weather. Some farmers do not apply the fertilizers depending on the weather, which will reduce the fertilizer efficiency. In the low temperature season, the fertilization time should be appropriately advanced. When organic fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer, it should be fully rotten; in high temperature weather, the fertilizer should be applied deeply to prevent the fertilizer from being lost and the seedlings being burned. The soil is too wet, and the fertilizer should be applied shallowly, while the dry soil should be applied deeply. The soil moisture content is low during drought, and it is difficult for the crops to absorb and use the fertilizer after the fertilizer is applied. Fertilization should be combined with irrigation or light rain. Do not apply fertilizer before heavy rain or heavy rain to prevent fertilizer loss and leakage.
Third, regardless of crop type fertilization Some farmers do not look at fertilization of crop varieties. In fact, the scientific method of fertilization is to apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to nitrogenous fertilizers for root and tuber crops. Leafy crops should apply more nitrogenous fertilizers and apply phosphorus fertilizers appropriately. ; Grain crops such as rice, corn, and wheat have more demand for nitrogen, and nitrogen fertilizers should be used mainly with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers; while sugarcane, hemp, and potato crops need nitrogen fertilizers, potassium fertilizers should be added, and potassium fertilizers should be added ; Legumes have rhizobium, have the ability to fix nitrogen in the air, and require less nitrogen, so phosphate fertilizer is the main application.
4. Regardless of the difference in stubble, fertilize cold stubble, such as sweet potato, rice, cabbage, and radish stubble. Their subsequent stubble crops need to pass the low temperature season of winter and spring. More fertilizing fertilizers such as sheep and donkey dung should be applied. The previous stubble is stubble of wheat, potato, etc., and there is sufficient time for leisure and sunbathing. It is advisable to apply more cold fertilizers such as pig and cow dung with higher moisture content. For soft stubble, such as peanut and soybean stubble, the soil is soft and nitrogenous fertilizer remains. It is more suitable to apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. For hard stubble, such as corn, sorghum, and cotton stubble, the soil is hard and firm, and more organic fertilizer should be applied.
5. Regardless of the growth stage of the crop, fertilizing crops has different physiological characteristics at different growth stages. The amount and time of absorption of fertilizers are different. In the development stage of roots, stems, and leaves, more nitrogen fertilizer is generally required. For example, the early rice growing season is short, and the peak of nitrogen uptake occurs during the greening to tillering stage (15-20 days) after transplanting. Therefore, it is necessary to re-apply manure, stable spike and grain fertilizer. Hemp crops grow fast in the early stage, and the growth of the plant and the formation of fibroblasts proceed almost simultaneously. Therefore, in addition to meeting the nitrogen fertilizer requirements, potassium fertilizer must be applied at the same time to meet the nutrient requirements.
6. Fertilizers that are not chemically stable due to the nature of the fertilizer, such as urea, diammonium phosphate, and superphosphate, should be used as base fertilizer or seed fertilizer, or applied to the root concentration layer in advance; chemically unstable and volatile Fertilizers, such as ammonia, ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate and other fertilizers, should be deep-sealed to reduce nutrient loss; individual crops or fields require special fertilizers, such as nitrate nitrogen fertilizers should not be used in paddy fields, and ammonium nitrogen fertilizers should be applied. Sweet potato, potato, tobacco and other crops are banned from chlorine, and fertilizers containing chlorine elements such as ammonium chloride and potassium chloride are not suitable.
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