Special interview with this reporter: Experts of the expert group of this newspaper, and experts of the fruit and science of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhang Zhicheng
After entering June, the pomegranate garden has also entered a period of strengthening management. The management of this period has played a decisive role in the harvest of the year. Zhang Zhicheng, an expert of the expert group of this newspaper and a senior fruit engineer and expert of the Northwest A&F University, believes that it is necessary to strengthen the summer. Management of pomegranate trees.
Flower management
In the flowering period, the main pomegranate trunk is stripped, the phloem is cut, and the nutrient distribution during the flowering period and the rapid growth of the young fruit is regulated. Pomegranate cross-pollination fruit set rate is higher than self-pollination, so artificial pollination or bee-keeping during flowering can significantly increase the fruit setting rate. Pomegranate bell-shaped flowers can not be the result, the number is large, it consumes a lot of nutrients, it should be removed as soon as possible, and it can be carried out when the buds can be separated. If the first and second flower seat rate is high, the three flowers (including the tube flower) ) All are omitted. After mid-June, if there are more flowers and fruit, you can focus on retaining the head flower and properly retain the two flowers to eliminate the three flowers. Spraying 0.3%-0.5% urea and 500ppm gibberellin solution every 15 days after flowering or after flowering has obvious effects on promoting branch growth, reducing fruit drop, increasing yield and early maturity.
Soil and fertilizer management
The advantages and disadvantages of soil conditions directly affect the growth and results of pomegranate trees. Therefore, measures such as deep turning, cultivating and weeding, intercropping and ground cover must be taken to improve soil structure and physical and chemical properties according to the requirements of pomegranate trees for soil conditions, and promote soil water, Fertilizer and gas are coordinated to facilitate the growth of the tree.
Rational fertilization to meet the demand for nutrients in the pomegranate growth period, generally should be applied to the quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer before flowering, with phosphorus fertilizer to promote tree growth. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers were applied during the fruit-bearing period and the young fruit expansion period, which promoted the rapid growth of young fruit and promoted flower bud formation.
The management of irrigation and drainage in the pomegranate garden not only affects the growth and results of the pomegranate, but also affects the life of the tree. Ensure that the early water supply during the growing season is conducive to tree growth and results, and post-anthesis water and fruit water are important. The pomegranate tree is awkward and awkward. It is necessary to do a good job of draining the pomegranate garden, so that the pomegranate garden can be produced under high and high quality fruit under the conditions of dry irrigation and irrigation.
Pest Control
According to the field insects, when larvae and eggs are found, the larvae and eggs are promptly sprayed. The seasons from June to July are the seasons of pomegranate trees. If not treated in time, it is extremely harmful to pomegranate trees. After the pomegranate fruit is covered with peach, it is hot and rainy, and the hole is filled into the water, which will gradually rot the pomegranate, and the damage rate is over 60%. At this time, it should be sprayed in time. In order to avoid the spread of peach mites, the leaves around the pomegranate fruit should be removed. Pomegranate-causing diseases mainly include pomegranate dry rot. Spraying Bordeaux mixture or methyl thiophanate wet powder solution before and after flowering at the peak of the disease, and spraying the diseased flower and fruit after pomegranate flowering. . After the fruit is sprayed, the insecticide and bactericidal medicine is sprayed once, and the bag is used to treat the worms, the worms, the cockroaches, and the cockroaches. For other pests, targeted control should be carried out at different times.
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