Summer sowing maize generally appeared empty stalks, spikelets and abnormal spikes. The ear development is not normal, can not be normal pollination and fruition, the performance of the plant is normal, but there is no normal ear stalk twig or produce more than one ear, or a branch of bergamot spike 2-3 times, or banana-like Curved banana ear and so on. According to surveys conducted in multiple districts and counties, the less-performing land accounts for about 10%, and the severe parcels reach more than 70%, seriously affecting the yield of corn sown this summer.
Some local experts in the city analyzed the following reasons after investigating the corn plots in various districts and counties:
1, this year's special weather conditions are the main reason. This year's cloudy and rainy weather is much more than in previous years, especially during the morning of August to the mid-August of the summer maize's booting to pollination. As Miyun's meteorological data show, from August 7th to August 16th, there were 10 consecutive days of rain and sunshine, the longest sunshine hours was 4.7 hours, and the accumulated sunshine hours was only 14.2 hours; Pinggu's meteorological data showed that on August 8th Until August 17th, there were 10 days of rain and sunshine, and the maximum number of sunshine hours was 6.7 hours. The accumulated sunshine hours was only 21.3 hours. The growth of corn, the development of the ear, and the solid grouting, on the one hand, rely on the root system to absorb water and inorganic nutrients from the soil. On the other hand, the most important thing is to depend on the leaves for photosynthesis with the sun's rays to create organic nutrition. The booting to pollination and pollination of summer maize in early to mid-August is the most nutritional requirement for corn in its lifetime, and it is also the period most sensitive to light intensity. For 10 consecutive days of rain and sunshine, the photosynthetic capacity of corn has been greatly reduced. Organic nutrient deficiencies have prevented the ear from developing normally. In the same way, continuous rainfall during pollination and pollination will affect normal pollination. According to research, shading in this period for 5 consecutive days will reduce production by 30% to 70%, or even yield. The first ear cannot be properly pollinated and lose its apical dominance. The ear next to or below the joint will swell, forming multiple ears or bergamot spikes, banana ears and other abnormal spikes.
2, species differences. Different species respond differently to rain and sunshine. Some varieties are more densely planted and resistant to rain and sunshine, such as Jingyu 11, Jingke 9, etc., basically no empty stalks and abnormal spikes. Some varieties are not resistant to rain and sunshine, and the response is relatively strong, such as the slippery 986.
3, different seeding period of the same species will be different. Appropriate early sowing, sowing in mid-June, can make the booting - pollination pollination period in advance, by the rain and sunshine, the impact of the weather reduced, sowing the later, the more serious the impact.
4. Factors such as density, soil fertility, and location of plots also have an impact. The higher the density, the heavier the effect of rain and sunshine and the more severe the response. Appropriate sparse will reduce the impact. Some land masses are too dense and the resulting lodging also results in a large amount of empty stalks. Low levels of soil fertility, inadequate fertilization, and the location of plots affected by surrounding hills, trees, and dust will all aggravate the impact to a certain extent and increase the ratio of empty culms, spikelets, and misshapen spikes.
Suggestions: 1. For plots with a large proportion of empty culms, spikelets and misshapen spikes, consider harvesting straw for silage to minimize losses. 2. Breeders should attach great importance to the tolerance of varieties to rain and sunshine and pay attention to the breeding of negative resistance. 3, in the variety of regional trials and certification, to strengthen the identification of varieties of tolerance tolerance. In addition to high yield, high quality, resistance to disease, resistance to lodging, it is also necessary to identify and examine the compactness and resistance to negative.
Some local experts in the city analyzed the following reasons after investigating the corn plots in various districts and counties:
1, this year's special weather conditions are the main reason. This year's cloudy and rainy weather is much more than in previous years, especially during the morning of August to the mid-August of the summer maize's booting to pollination. As Miyun's meteorological data show, from August 7th to August 16th, there were 10 consecutive days of rain and sunshine, the longest sunshine hours was 4.7 hours, and the accumulated sunshine hours was only 14.2 hours; Pinggu's meteorological data showed that on August 8th Until August 17th, there were 10 days of rain and sunshine, and the maximum number of sunshine hours was 6.7 hours. The accumulated sunshine hours was only 21.3 hours. The growth of corn, the development of the ear, and the solid grouting, on the one hand, rely on the root system to absorb water and inorganic nutrients from the soil. On the other hand, the most important thing is to depend on the leaves for photosynthesis with the sun's rays to create organic nutrition. The booting to pollination and pollination of summer maize in early to mid-August is the most nutritional requirement for corn in its lifetime, and it is also the period most sensitive to light intensity. For 10 consecutive days of rain and sunshine, the photosynthetic capacity of corn has been greatly reduced. Organic nutrient deficiencies have prevented the ear from developing normally. In the same way, continuous rainfall during pollination and pollination will affect normal pollination. According to research, shading in this period for 5 consecutive days will reduce production by 30% to 70%, or even yield. The first ear cannot be properly pollinated and lose its apical dominance. The ear next to or below the joint will swell, forming multiple ears or bergamot spikes, banana ears and other abnormal spikes.
2, species differences. Different species respond differently to rain and sunshine. Some varieties are more densely planted and resistant to rain and sunshine, such as Jingyu 11, Jingke 9, etc., basically no empty stalks and abnormal spikes. Some varieties are not resistant to rain and sunshine, and the response is relatively strong, such as the slippery 986.
3, different seeding period of the same species will be different. Appropriate early sowing, sowing in mid-June, can make the booting - pollination pollination period in advance, by the rain and sunshine, the impact of the weather reduced, sowing the later, the more serious the impact.
4. Factors such as density, soil fertility, and location of plots also have an impact. The higher the density, the heavier the effect of rain and sunshine and the more severe the response. Appropriate sparse will reduce the impact. Some land masses are too dense and the resulting lodging also results in a large amount of empty stalks. Low levels of soil fertility, inadequate fertilization, and the location of plots affected by surrounding hills, trees, and dust will all aggravate the impact to a certain extent and increase the ratio of empty culms, spikelets, and misshapen spikes.
Suggestions: 1. For plots with a large proportion of empty culms, spikelets and misshapen spikes, consider harvesting straw for silage to minimize losses. 2. Breeders should attach great importance to the tolerance of varieties to rain and sunshine and pay attention to the breeding of negative resistance. 3, in the variety of regional trials and certification, to strengthen the identification of varieties of tolerance tolerance. In addition to high yield, high quality, resistance to disease, resistance to lodging, it is also necessary to identify and examine the compactness and resistance to negative.
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