In the era of conventional cotton seedlings, cotton seeding was mostly based on live broadcast, cotton planting density was higher, cotton row spacing was smaller, and cotton fertilization was more common. After the large-scale use of hybrid cotton, due to the large individual development of hybrid cotton, the density of cotton fields is continuously reduced, the cotton spacing is expanded, and most of the cotton fertilization is applied as a strip or a hole. When the agricultural machinery gradually entered the cotton field, the cotton row spacing was further expanded, and the cotton fertilization was correspondingly changed to shallow ditch and applied as deep ditch. It can be seen that the fertilization method has also evolved with the continuous reform of planting methods.
When we survey cotton production in large areas, we often encounter cases of contradiction between cotton fertilization and cotton planting methods in some fields. Some farmers have applied nitrogen fertilizers, and some farmers have applied too much fertilizer once, often causing cotton. Long or mad, causing the cotton to seal prematurely, the cotton field is severely shaded, causing the cotton buds to fall off a lot, or after the peach is sitting, because the cotton spacing is narrow, the ventilation and light transmission conditions are deteriorated, the cotton boll ripening time is delayed, the bolls are not smooth, farmers often put The reason comes down to the seed problem. However, the same cotton varieties showed a good harvest in the cotton fields with reasonable planting methods. The reason was that the cotton of these farmers had been scientifically formulated and fertilized, and the cotton spacing was large. The cotton field environment and growth showed that the cotton was not sealed. A slit, the sun shines in, the air can circulate, the leaf is small and the cotton is big, and the plant is not stable. The ecological environment in which the cotton itself survives is good. Therefore, there are many peaches and smooth spit.
In the cotton area with a large area of ​​hybrid cotton, continuous reform of the cultivation method is one of the effective ways to create a reasonable living space for cotton and explore high cotton yield. The advantages of reforming the planting method are as follows: First, it is convenient for mechanical cultivation, which is conducive to deep cultivating, deep application of bottom fertilizer, high ridge and soil cultivation; second, it is convenient for topdressing fertilizer, pest control, pruning and other field management; Fourth, the cotton has a large spatial distance, sufficient sunshine, air circulation, high photosynthetic efficiency, and rapid nutrient production. Fifth, it can fully display the characteristics of hybrid cotton; The rate is low, and there are few rotten peaches, so it can be of high quality and high yield.
At this stage, the area of ​​hybrid cotton planting is relatively large, and the method of planting should be narrowed and wide, and the planting method of wide-package dense plants should be promoted. Where the fertility level is high, the width of the box should be 2 to 2.4 meters (including ditch). Plant two rows of cotton, with a row spacing of 1 to 1.2 meters, a plant spacing of 0.45 to 0.5 meters, and a density of 1,300 plants per mu. Where the fertility is medium, the third-line method can also be used, but the line spacing cannot be less than 1 meter. Above the planting method, under the higher management level, cotton is about 45 peaches per plant, 55,000-65,000 peaches per acre, and an average of 600 kg per mu of seed cotton is expected to be realized. At present, the production of autumn sowing is underway. The large cotton areas in the hybrid cotton cultivation in various places should summarize the experience and lessons of cotton planting methods in a timely manner, and then adjust the planting methods in the coming year, or continue to make adjustments in the winter. .
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