Pharmacy control is the main measure for the control of diseases and pests of fruit trees in production. However, as an auxiliary measure, the use of some agricultural, physical, biological, and artificial measures in conjunction with chemical control can not only have a multiplier effect, but also greatly increase the use of pesticides. Reducing the cost of pest control and reducing the pollution of pesticides to the environment is an important approach and an inevitable choice for rural construction in a resource-saving and environment-friendly society.
Covering insect nets
Covering insect nets can not only prevent insects, but also prevent rainstorms, hail blasts, strong winds, and moderate shading. However, due to the high cost, production is mostly used for fruit tree cultivation in facilities.
Clean orchard
During the growing season, removing or picking up damaged fruit, branches, and leaves in a timely manner can effectively reduce the source of the next generation of worms (bacteria); in autumn and winter seasons, we can remove the diseased shoots, shoots, and weeds near the orchard and surrounding areas. And litter is cleared away, concentrated burned or buried deep, can eliminate a large number of overwintering pests.
Manual removal
During the growing season, timely removal of the larvae of the caterpillar larvae, breaking the hard pupa on the trunks and branches, scraping the egg masses of the gypsy moth on the trunk, and digging out the eggs of the yak on the branches; when the scale insects are severe, they use bristles Brushing and removing larvae and oocysts attached to the shoots; cutting insect pests and powdery mildews in time; cutting off diseased shoots in time, killing moth pests, timely cutting off oocysts, and cutting apple branches to cut off damaged branches and burn them in a concentrated manner. .
Falling
In the growing season of fruit trees, for some insects with pseudo-dead habits, such as beetles, leaf beetles, longhorned cattle, and chestnuts, they can be dropped by shaking the tree strains, and then they can be hunted together. In winter, when they encounter fog and haze, they can be beaten. Branches make the scale insects shake off.
Winter scraping bark
The scraping of fruit trees is an important measure for orchard management in winter. It not only helps to increase tree vigor, but also eliminates pathogens and pests, reduces the number of overwintering bases, and controls or reduces the occurrence and harm of some diseases and pests in the coming year, thus receiving “no pesticides, "Apply pesticides" control effect. The winter shave of fruit trees can be carried out after defoliating from fruit trees to before sprouting in late spring. The main reason is to scrape off the rough skin and skins on the trunk and main branches. The degree of scraping is to scrape off the light brown skin. It is better to see green and white. When scraping the skin, a plastic cloth should be laid under the tree to collect scraped bark and debris, and be deeply buried or burned. For fruit trees with rot and blight disease, apply Fumei arsenic or lime sulfur to prevent and cure after scraping.
White trunk
The white coating of trunks in winter not only prevents the sunburn and frost damage of fruit trees, but also eliminates a large number of pathogens and pests that overwinter on tree trunks. The proportion of the whitening agent is generally: 10 parts of lime, 2 parts of lime sulfur, 1 part of salt, 2 parts of clay and 35-40 parts of water. The time of whitening is best twice. The first time after defoliating the fruit trees until the soil is frozen, the second time in the early spring.
Fruit bagging
Fruit bagging can effectively reduce or avoid the hazards of pests such as fruitworms. Plowing tree tray
The deep-turning tree tray is an important measure to improve the soil and promote the production of fruit trees, and it is also an effective method to eliminate overwintering pests and diseases. Through deep turning, pests (such as peach borer, peach aphid, etc.) and pathogens that overwinter in the soil can be turned to the surface and frozen, dried or eaten by natural enemies, causing some to dry and curl on the ground. Weeds and weeds in the winter over the germs and pests (such as roll moths, aphids, red spiders, etc.) are buried underground, because they can not normally emerge as a feather and suffocate, thereby reducing the overwintering base.
Light trapping
By using the phototaxis of fruit tree pests, black light, high-pressure mercury lamp, and frequency-vibration trap lamp can be set in the fruit trees for trapping. This method has obvious control effect on peach fruit borer, apple leaf roller moth, gold thread moth, peach aphid, Spodoptera litura, gypsy moth, flea beetle, cockroach, etc.
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