Recently, high temperatures have hit across the country and it is the most difficult season for live pigs. Pigs have thick subcutaneous fat and poor ability to regulate body temperature. It is easy to reduce feed intake, reduce anorexia, decrease resistance, and affect breeding efficiency. This issue introduces a group of summer pig raising techniques for farmers' reference.
Shade temperature control
In order to ensure the normal production of pig farms in summer, effective temperature adjustment measures must be taken according to the temperature requirements of various types of herds, and the pig houses should be well ventilated to remove heat from the pig houses and reduce the temperature in the pig houses. The appropriate inlet and outlet can be set in the pig house. If the area of ​​the pig house is large, it is better to install a negative pressure fan and a cooling curtain to reduce the ventilation. For unqualified farms, it is advisable to construct a shallow pool in the pigsty or directly splash water on the ground so that the pigs can lie in the water and cool down. Sprayers can also be used to spray the water on the pigs and absorb the pigs by vapor evaporation. The purpose of cooling is to achieve the heat. General piggery temperature should be controlled at about 25°C. It is best not to exceed 30°C.
Most of the rural areas are open-type pig houses. Before the high temperature arrives, take a shelter to shade the trees to prevent direct heat exposure from the sun and lead to heat stroke. A certain amount of trees can also be planted around the pig house. Apart from purifying the air, it can also play a role. Sunshade effect.
Strict disinfection
In summer, various germs are very active, and high temperature and high humidity conditions can easily cause many diseases of pigs. In order to prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases of pigs, pig farms must pay attention to the cleanliness and disinfection of pig houses. It is necessary to regularly clean sinks and troughs, remove excrement in time, and disinfect pig houses and surrounding sites from time to time.
In the summer, there are more mosquitoes. If the pig suffers from mosquito bites for a long time, it will not only affect production but also cause diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to exterminate insects in time. Trichlorfon can be sprayed with the appropriate amount of water, but the concentration should not be too high, otherwise it will affect pigs.
Pig manure contains harmful gases such as hydrogen and ammonia. The higher the temperature, the faster the scent is distributed, which is unfavorable to the health of pigs. Therefore, we must do a good job of disinfection and clean up in time. Generally 1 to 2 times a week disinfection, to choose a small, non-irritating disinfectant.
Strengthen nutrition
Under high temperature conditions, pigs should avoid the high temperature period at noon when they are doing free activities. Affected by the temperature, the appetite and feed intake of pigs will decrease, the feed utilization rate will decrease, the weight gain rate will slow down, and the growth and development will be seriously affected. Therefore, at high temperatures, the nutrition level of the feed should be properly increased, and attention should be paid to feeding adjustments. It is best to feed when it cools sooner or later to ensure that the pigs are full and eat well. In hot environment, live pigs need to increase vitamins to resist heat stress. Vitamin C can not only increase the resistance of pigs to infectious and poisonous diseases, but also promote wound healing and iron absorption in the intestines. Therefore, according to different stages of the pig, different feeding and management should be carried out.
Boars are fed 2 times a day, and green feed or thinner is added at noon. Breeding and exercise are performed in the morning and evening. Do not spray cold water immediately after the breeding. Every day from 1 to 3 o'clock in the afternoon, water is sprayed on the pig body and the ground, and the light is reduced to 8 to 10 hours. If the number of breedings is small, the feed amount of the concentrate should be reduced to prevent excessive fertilizer and poor sexual desire.
Pregnant sows avoid breed breeding in high temperature season. In the pre-pregnancy period (0-84 days), sows should be dominated by green coarse materials, with appropriate concentrates to reduce the rearing density, and raise 2 to 3 pigs per round. In the second trimester of pregnancy and during the lactation period, the pig should concentrate on the raw material to match the green material. The coarse material can be fed without feeding, and the feed can be fed 3 times a day. Add 1% to 1.5% baking soda and 0.3% salt.
The sow's summer delivery room should be equipped with a well-ventilated litter box with shading facilities. Pre-production sows reduce the concentrates 2 to 3 days before the onset of labor, and feed more green materials. The ratio of bran in the concentrates should be increased. The purpose of preventing intestinal obstruction is to prevent dystocia, and after feeding, feed bran warm brine once.
Commercial pigs generally sell fat pigs before the high temperature season. If they are not for sale, the stocking density should be reduced, and a few heads per lap should be kept. Each pig occupies an area of ​​1 to 1.2 square meters. Water cooling, feed sooner or later. A small amount of baking soda can be added to the diet of finishing pigs, which can effectively promote appetite and prevent poisoning. It is also possible to add appropriate amount of cooking oil to increase energy in pig feed. At noon, they added green or thinner materials, and added sodium bicarbonate 1.5% and salt 0.3%.
Suckling piglets and piglets prefer to lie on the wet ground, pay attention to changes in the weather, to prevent cool diarrhea. Keep pens dry for clean drinking water and often disinfected. Prevention of diarrhea per kg 120 mg of oxytetracycline feed, feed a few days to stop a few days, the treatment of oxytetracycline 200 mg per kg of material.
Beware of the disease
The high temperature and high humidity in summer make the pigs susceptible to a variety of pathogens, which is a high incidence of live pig diseases.
The defense should be strengthened to give regular injections to pigs to prevent epidemics. Kill mosquitoes and rats in time to prevent mosquitoes from bringing harmful bacteria to the pig.
Pig heat stroke
After the pig has suffered heatstroke, the pigs should be treated with symptomatic therapy such as antiperspirant, antipyretic and dampness, quickly transferred to a cool, quiet place, and at the same time, wash the pig's neck with cold water, gradually expand to the whole body, cooperate with cold water enema, tip and tip bloodletting. . For every 100 kilograms of pigs, use 7 ml of 3% aminophylline and 7 ml of compound vitamin B. Apply once a day to the neck of the pig. In the afternoon, 10 ml of Tianrui Qingkailing was injected into the neck, and Houhai was injected with 5 ml of holsin injection once a day for 2 days. The diseased pigs soon recovered to health.
Porcine Eperythrozoonosis
Pigs of different breeds and ages are susceptible, and the incidence and mortality of piglets are high. Mainly presents with acute jaundice anemia and fever. The performance of sows declines; Piglets become poorly constitutional, anemia, and intestinal and respiratory infections increase; At the beginning of finishing pig disease, the body temperature rises to 39.5°C to 42°C, trembling and turning, or reluctance to stand, outliers, Constipation or diarrhea appears. The pig's ears, neck, chest, lower abdomen, and inner parts of the extremities are red-violet, and the finger pressure does not fade, becoming a "red pig." Although there are many kinds of drugs for the treatment of this disease, there are not many effective drugs. Can choose to use blood worm net, imidazole phenylurea, nevi, phenazine, tetracycline, oxytetracycline and other treatment.
Streptococcus suis disease
The disease mainly occurred in piglets weighing 10 to 30 kilograms. Septicemia and meningitis were more common. Pig infections were more common in purulent lymphadenitis. Sudden onset, eating less or not eating, a bad spirit, often after the pig suffering from a fever after secondary fever. Pigs were constipated with alternating diarrhea or constipation and diarrhea. They developed difficulty in breathing in the later stages and often died within 1 to 3 days.
The pathogen of this disease has developed resistance to various antibiotics. Intramuscular injection of potent amoxicillin 15 mg per kilogram of body weight, or 2.5% of 2.5% enrofloxacin injection once a day for 3 days, the condition will be obtained. Effective control. When mixed with swine fever, the whole group should also be vaccinated for swine fever vaccine.
Toxoplasmosis
The disease is more common in piglets at 3 months of age, and less than 6 months of age. Can be transmitted through the placenta, digestive tract, respiratory tract and blood-sucking insects. Sudden onset, often manifested as flu symptoms, the temperature increased to 40.5 °C ~ 42 °C, missed heat, manifested as breathing difficulties, abdominal breathing, cough, runny nose, limbs and muscle pain, stiffness, inner limbs, abdominal subcutaneous The area is reddish purple. Swelling of the body surface lymph nodes, some diarrhea or constipation, and with mucus or blood, infection of pregnant pigs can cause miscarriage or death. Sulfa-6-methoxypyrimidine, sulfadiazine plus trimethoprim and other sulfa drugs are effective.
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