Planting vegetables for pests and diseases is a very troublesome thing, because if it is not prevented in time, it will not only affect the output, but also make the quality greatly reduced, especially in winter, pay more attention to the threat of pests and diseases. Therefore, Xiaolin wants to tell everyone about the prevention and control measures of common diseases and insect pests in winter vegetables.
Common diseases of winter vegetables, gray mold, root rot, downy mildew, epidemic diseases, etc.; common pests, underground pests such as whitefly, aphids, mites and mites.
Gray mold for the control of vegetable pests and diseases
Harmful crops: flowers, fruits, leaves and stems of vegetables such as tomatoes, eggplants and peppers can be affected.
Symptoms: The vegetable seedlings are light, the leaves and petiole are grayish-white, water-stained, and the tissue softens to rot; the fruit is infected, the green fruit is seriously damaged, and the surface of the diseased tissue is gray mold when high humidity occurs.
Incidence conditions: easy to onset under conditions of low light and high humidity; easy to onset during flowering.
Control measures: timely removal of diseased fruit, diseased plants, and concentrated incineration and deep burial; 30% of pyrimethanil and thiram suspension 700-800 times solution or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 600-1000 Double liquid spray for prevention.
Root rot of vegetable pest control
Hazardous crops: often damage fruits and vegetables, field crops, cash crops, etc. Specific crops include peanuts, peppers, apples, peaches, soybeans, eggplants, wheat, cowpeas, etc.
Symptoms: Individual roots and lateral fibrous roots are susceptible to disease at the beginning of the disease, and gradually expand to the main root. As the root rot progresses, the upper leaves of the plant begin to appear wilting. When the disease is serious, the root bark becomes brown and separates from the pith and finally dies. .
Incidence conditions: low temperature, high humidity and insufficient light; the soil in the greenhouse is sticky and easy to knot, causing root growth.
Control measures: timely elimination of stagnant water; timely removal of diseased plants in the early stage of the disease; rooting with 5000-6000 times of Luheng 1 in the early stage of the disease; spraying or rooting with 50% carbendazim 500-600 times.
Downy mildew disease in vegetable pest control
Hazardous crops: Wide range of diseases, mainly melon vegetables, cruciferous vegetables, cucurbitaceae vegetables, legume vegetables, onions and leeks.
Symptoms: Adult plants are more seriously damaged, mainly affecting the leaves, which develop from the base to the upper leaves. In the early stage of the disease, a pale yellow near-circular to polygonal lesion is formed on the front of the leaf. When the air is wet, the leaf back produces a frosty mildew layer, which sometimes spreads to the front of the leaf.
Incidence conditions: The planting in the greenhouse is too dense, the watering is too early after planting, the water is too large, the soil moisture is high, and the drainage is poor.
Control measures: use resistant varieties; increase the application of organic base fertilizer, pay attention to the reasonable mix of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers; strengthen cultivation management, appropriate thinning; watering small water, prohibit flooding of large water, pay attention to leak prevention in rainy days; thoroughly remove sick leaves, And properly handled; 35% enoyl-Fumei double wettable powder, 70% propsin zinc wettable powder, etc. are alternately used.
Disease control of vegetable pests and diseases
Hazardous crops: Commonly found are peppers, tomatoes, eggplants, etc.
Symptoms: The seedlings are wilting, the adult plants are mostly from the lower leaves, and eventually the plants are wilting or broken from the diseased part; the dark green oily lesions appear on the green fruit side, gradually turning dark brown to brown, and the disease is hard and not rot. .
Disease conditions: planting too dense, large temperature difference, continuous rainy days, lack of light, flooding, flooding, etc. are prone to epidemics.
Control measures: make the greenhouse ventilate and light, avoid large water irrigation; spray with 80% mancozeb WP 250-350 times, 50% enoylmorpholine water granules 1500-2000 times.
Whitefly mites for the control of vegetable diseases and insect pests
Hazardous crops: cucumber, kidney bean, eggplant, tomato, pepper, melon, beans, lettuce and cabbage, celery, green onions, fruit trees, etc.
Symptoms: Absorb the plant juice, make the leaves fade, yellow, wilting, secrete a lot of honeydew, pollute the fruit and leaves.
Control measures: 20% acetamiprid soluble powder 5000-7500 times liquid or 25% buprofezin WP 1000-2000 times liquid spray; rotation for cropping; when seedling or planting, remove residual weeds in the base, smoked Or spray residual adult.
Vegetable pest control
Harmful crops: tomatoes, eggplant, peppers, melons and other vegetables.
Symptoms: The larvae feed on the leaves of the vegetables to fill the leaves with a "snake" ramp. Female adults stab the leaves for feeding and spawning. After the damage, the leaves gradually wilted, the upper epidermis separated and dried, and finally the whole plant died.
Control measures: 10% fly amide suspension 700-800 times liquid or 20% Avi · insecticidal single micro emulsion 1000-1500 times liquid spray; balanced fertilization to promote strong seedlings; deep soil, application of cockroach.
Vegetable pest control
Hazardous crops: Aphids are widely endangered, such as cabbage, mustard, green vegetables, cabbage, broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables, wheat, barley, oats and corn, rice, sugar cane and other grass crops, cherry blossoms, peach blossoms, rose, azalea and other potted flowers.
Symptoms: often clustered in leaves, tender stems, flower buds, top buds, etc., sucking juice, causing the leaves to shrink, curl, deformed, causing the branches to wither and even die. The secreted honeydew can also induce coal pollution, viral diseases, and ants.
Control measures: 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1500-2000 times liquid, or 70% imidacloprid wettable powder 10000-15000 times liquid spray; sticky insect yellow board traps aphids; grass ash 10kg, added to 50kg of water soaked for 24 hours after spraying the filtrate .
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