In terms of corn planting, China has been constantly adjusting its planting structure. Under the supply-side reform policy, in the next five years, China's corn planting area is expected to be continuously reduced, but it will vigorously support corn-scale growers. So what are the techniques for corn planting? How to determine the time and area of ​​corn planting in 2019? When is the best for topdressing?
1. How to determine the time and area of ​​corn planting in 2019?
1, corn planting time
The planting time of corn is closely related to the local area. In view of the major corn producing areas in China:
(1) Henan: Planting corn in May before harvesting wheat.
(2) Shandong: The Shandong region generally grows spring corn in early April and harvests at the end of August.
(3) Northeast: Sowing time after Gu Yu (around April 20), such a late-maturing high-yield product, or a plot with relatively high accumulated temperature, planted before April 20 to May 1, medium-early maturing variety, or accumulated temperature The lower plots began to be planted on May 1st. Before May 15th, the harvest generally ended on October 1st and before October 30th. According to the recent weather forecast, most of the northeastern region began a new round of warming process around April 27. For the late-maturing high-yield varieties, it is recommended to start looting immediately, and it is more suitable to plant seeds at the end of the cold.
(4) Hebei: Corn is divided into spring corn and autumn corn. Spring corn is planted in early April in early May and harvested in late August. Autumn corn can not be planted later than mid-July, and harvested in mid-to-late October.
(5) Southern region: Southern corn can be planted in two seasons. For the Yangtze River basin, spring-sown corn is usually planted at the end of March and early April, and summer maize is planted from late May to early June.
2, planting area
If you plant acreage, you should look at the market and your own economic strength. At present, the price of corn is still stable, but there is no overall upward trend. In addition, the country is regulating corn area. Therefore, if it is the first time to grow corn, it is recommended not to do it at one time. Too much planting, there is more buffer space between 10 and 100 acres.
Second, what are the corn planting techniques?
1. Selected corn seeds
Before sowing, spread the corn seeds for two days, then remove the small grains, glutinous grains, broken grains, and moldy grains, which is the basis for cultivating strong seedlings.
2, single-grain corn
Single-checking can avoid the seedlings from competing for fertilizer, and the roots in the seedlings will help to cultivate the seedlings. If the live broadcast, the amount of 2 kg per mu is suitable, and the seedlings and seedlings are released after emergence.
3, leaving 4,000 corn seedlings per acre
Retention method: 1, line spacing 50 x m x plant spacing 30 cm; 2, line spacing 60 cm x plant spacing 25 cm; 3, line spacing 60 cm × plant spacing 20 cm.
4, skillfully apply corn fertilizer
2 kg of urea per acre and 2 kg of diammonium are mixed. When ordering, 1 gram per hole; if live, one person catches the seed and one person grabs the fertilizer.
5, timely application of corn and strong seedlings
After the seedlings (5-leaf stage) combined with cultivating cockroaches, pineapple seedlings, chasing strong seedlings, 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per acre.
6, increase the application of corn and strong fertilizer
During the big bell period, 8O kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 10 kg of diammonium and 10 kg of potassium fertilizer are applied per mu.
7. Timely prevention and control of pests and diseases
Late in the big bell mouth, pay attention to observe the insect situation and timely control the heartworm. 1 kg of carbofuran granules per acre, 3 kg of fine soil, 1 gram per plant, sprinkled into the heart leaves. At the time of heading, control the aphids and spray 1000 times of omethoate.
Third, when is corn planting best?
1. The fertilizer requirement of corn
The corn seedling stage is the key period for the need of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The large trumpet period before the tasseling is the critical period for nitrogen fertilizer.
The best period for corn topdressing is from jointing to panicle differentiation. At this time, the corn has developed 7-12 leaves, which is the key period for the growth of the ear to the differentiation of the female floret. Top dressing can meet the nutrient needs of jointing and booting ears, promote the differentiation of ears, and make the ears of corn more large.
2, corn topdressing to "5 look"
(1) Look at the soil and topdress. Topdressing depends on the nature of the soil. For low-lying land and alkali, acid or physiological acid fertilizers such as ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and superphosphate should be used as top dressing; acidic soil should use alkaline fertilizer such as urea and ammonium bicarbonate as top dressing, which has poor water retention and fertilizer retention capacity. For sandy loam, non-volatile ammonium nitrate or urea should be used as top dressing.
(2) Look at the potential fertilizer. Due to different soil, fertilizer and water conservancy conditions, although the same variety is planted at the same time, the growth is different, there are strong seedling plots, and there are also weak seedling plots, which is the difference in corn growth in the same plot. Therefore, there should be a difference in topdressing. The specific method is: the seedling block is chased with chemical fertilizer; in addition to the fertilizer application, the weak seedling block should also be followed by the decomposed manure and cake fertilizer; for the weak seedlings in the strong seedling block, the partial eclipse should be given. Topdressing, so that weak seedlings quickly rejuvenate. After the top dressing, it is necessary to cultivate in time.
(3) See fertilization. At present, corn topdressing is customarily based on nitrogen fertilizer. After being applied to the soil, the nitrogen fertilizer is quickly decomposed into nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and amido nitrogen, and is present in a free state. If the soil is too shallow after top dressing, the nitrogen will reach the surface layer, and the corn plant can only absorb about 20%. If the application is about 10 cm deep and the soil is compacted in time, the absorption can reach more than 60%. In view of this characteristic of nitrogen fertilizers, shallow application, clear application or application with water should be avoided to prevent waste of fertilizer.
(4) Look at the topdressing. Seedling stage can not be topdressed too early, easy to grow corn seedlings thick and strong; male and female ear formation period, topdressing should not be too late to prevent premature aging; late fertilizer should be timely and appropriate to prevent late maturity.
(5) Look at the soil and topdress. Sandy soils, especially sandstone soils, should not be used in a single top dressing. They should be topdressed to reduce leakage and volatilization losses. Topdressing must be pursued.
The total annual consumption of corn in China in 2018/19 was 260.03 million tons, an increase of 2 million tons from the previous month and an increase of 21.03 million tons from the previous year, an increase of 8.8%. The feed consumption in 2018/19 is estimated to be 155 million tons, an increase of 5 million tons from the previous month's forecast, an increase of 11 million tons or 7.6% over the previous year;
The 2018/19 corn industry consumption is estimated at 85 million tons, down 3 million tons from the previous month and an increase of 10 million tons from the previous year, an increase of 13.3%. Corn production has increased slightly and consumer demand has increased substantially. It is expected that the negative balance of the corn market in 2018/19 will continue to expand. The balance of the year was -45.33 million tons, and the negative balance was increased by 20.42 million tons from the previous year, which was 800,000 tons less than last month.
This article URL: How long is corn planting time and planting area in 2019? How will the price trend be?
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