The application of artificial intelligence can greatly increase the effective medical resources, and can further promote the humanization of medical treatment. The most important social benefit of this development is to ease the contradiction between doctors and patients, especially for countries with uneven medical resources such as China. In fact, the contradiction between doctors and patients is not necessarily due to a diagnosis error or treatment failure. The more important reason is that the services provided by the hospital did not meet the patient's requirements, or the patients could not get the medical care they deserved or ideal. Resources. Once this kind of psychology is generated, patients often blame the hospital for the problems encountered in the medical process, which ultimately leads to conflicts between the two sides and even social conflicts.
From the hospital's point of view, the contradiction between doctors and patients often comes from the inefficient and rational use of medical resources. In fact, medical resources often generate a lot of waste because of poor management and poor utilization. For example, the annual medical expenditure in the United States is close to $3 trillion, accounting for more than 18% of GDP, but nearly $750 billion is wasted to some extent. For example, an operating room requires routine maintenance, and its operating costs can reach $5,000 per hour, even without surgery.
If you can make full use of the auxiliary services and computing arrangements of artificial intelligence in the process of diagnosis and treatment, you can not only supplement the power of medical services, but also allocate medical resources more reasonably and improve the efficiency of medical treatment. For example, with big data analysis, artificial intelligence can reasonably schedule peak visits and treatments, which not only reduces the time for patients to queue, but also improves the efficiency of appointments and visits, reduces the pressure on medical staff, and makes them more Have plenty of time to diagnose patients. Artificial intelligence can also be applied to many other aspects in hospitals, making procedures such as registration, routing, payment, and printing of test reports more convenient and faster. At present, some hospitals have installed self-service medical services, but these machines are not strictly artificial intelligence, and their user interface needs to be improved.
There is another special aspect worth noting. Due to the limited time of average visits, the words written by doctors on the medical records have become a common problem for doctors all over the world. After the medical records are gradually electronicized, the problem of writing is solved, but the various descriptive languages ​​recorded in the medical records - some too succinct, some too sloppy - for doctors to follow up, review or learn reference Very inconvenient. Now, such problems are expected to be solved through artificial intelligence.
Through voice and natural language processing technology, artificial intelligence can process the doctor's oral medical record through the computer's voice conversion system to form a tree diagram covering all key information. This tree diagram can summarize all the useful information clearly and concisely, so that patients or other doctors can see the pathological process at a glance, including the patient's medical history, what drugs have been taken, and what diseases are to be investigated.
In addition to providing basic medical services for patients, artificial intelligence can also take care of patients through intelligent accompanying care, soothe patients with warm words of humanity, so as to relieve their emotions and accelerate their recovery. This kind of effect is actually that it is difficult for ordinary nurses with busy work to have time to play, so it will also become a unique advantage when artificial intelligence is applied to medical treatment.
At present, artificial intelligence products have entered hospital management and services. In terms of future development trends, artificial intelligence application scenarios related to hospital management will mainly focus on two major areas: one is virtual medical assistant, and the other is hospital intelligence. decision making. Virtual medical assistants can provide supplementary medical consultation, health care and case tracking services in addition to doctors' treatment, which is equivalent to “virtual nursesâ€, which can play an important role in the diversion of patients in hospitals. Patients do not have to go to hospitals. The process of conducting a visit. The hospital's intelligent decision-making aims to establish the process of hospital decision-making based on artificial intelligence, so as to better improve the utilization efficiency of medical resources and the intelligence of hospital operation. At present, the representative products of virtual medical assistants mainly include the following.
First, Alme Health Coach. This is a virtual assistant for chronic patients developed by chat IT company Next IT, which can help chronic patients to plan daily health arrangements, monitor sleep, provide medications and test reminders, and even infer the laziness of patients who do not obey the on-time medication reminder. the reason. If the patient is willing to share the data, the doctor can better grasp the patient's condition for more targeted treatment.
Second, the Electronic Medical Assistant (EMA). This is a mobile electronic medical assistant developed by Modernizing Medicine in the United States for specialists. Through the iPad application platform, doctors can realize electronic office, diagnosis and so on. Currently, the product has been integrated with Watson's artificial intelligence system to provide a more comprehensive service through the aggregation and analysis of case data. Through the EMA, doctors can quickly track each patient's medical data to quickly understand the patient's medical history and use the appropriate data analysis to determine the best treatment.
Third, AiCure treatment monitoring technology. AiCure is a New York-based startup whose main product is an app. The app can use facial recognition technology to determine if a patient is taking medication on time, and patient data is fed back to the doctor or researcher in real time via a network that is compatible with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). More importantly, AiCure can improve medication compliance (patients' implementation of medication regimens) through monitoring and other technical means, and continuously optimize detection and treatment options as data is accumulated.
Fourth, Ask The Doctor. The Ask The Doctor platform was established in 2010 in Toronto, Canada. The goal of the platform is to get patients quickly informed by medical experts around the world. On this platform, patients can not only ask doctors questions, but also choose to anonymously upload a complete case history to help doctors provide more accurate and mature advice. Developers believe that the future development of intelligent assistants will be telemedicine , which means that patients do not have to go to the hospital. Researchers have found that the biggest benefit of "AI doctors" compared to human doctors is that they allow patients to describe their condition in detail. Doctors often interrupt the patient's condition statement at the time of the consultation. In contrast, "AI doctor" is more adept at "listening." Moreover, the patient does not need to face the doctor directly, and the anonymity is allowed during the consultation. This will make the patient more confident to tell the “AI doctor†about his sensitive problem, and the doctor-patient communication environment will be more harmonious.
In China, similar smart medical assistive technologies and tools are also being developed. Among them, the guiding robot developed by Chinese companies has already appeared on the market, which is expected to alleviate the shortage of hospital staff at the peak of the clinic. In March 2017, the robot “Xiaoman†produced by Keda Xunfei Company was used in Hefei First People's Hospital and Beijing 301 Hospital. Based on the intelligent speech recognition, natural language understanding and speech synthesis technologies of Keda Xunfei, “Xiaoman†can provide services such as hospital location consultation, common disease and symptom consultation, and common knowledge inquiry, which can reduce the repetitive consultation of the guide. Work to achieve a reasonable diversion of patients.
The “Little Fat†robot developed by Beijing Evolution Robot Technology Co., Ltd. officially entered the Wuhan Tongji Hospital in March 2017. "Chubby" can realize the distribution of hospital departments and medical procedures through human-machine dialogue, broadcast hospital promotional videos, self-built maps, and charge charging. It should be noted that this "Little Fatty" robot has also been used for other purposes. In November 2016, there was the first accident of "robot hurting people" in China. However, this is only an accident in the development process. With the advancement of related technologies and the enhancement of functions, the role of artificial intelligence in improving the medical environment will become increasingly prominent.
However, due to the influence of existing policies and regulations and social habits, the application of medical virtual assistants is still subject to many constraints. For example, in terms of policies and regulations, because the main body of medical responsibility is unknown, the regulatory authorities prohibit virtual nurses from providing diagnosis of minor diseases and any recommendations for serious illnesses, and only allow them to play a role in counseling under certain circumstances. At the same time, many physicians have also questioned these applications. For example, in general, many patients do not clearly understand their condition and do not describe it in professional terms. Therefore, the patient alone communicates with the robot, which may cause certain biases. Needless to say, human physicians can effectively dig out many disease information and immediately appease patients in the process of communication, but in contrast, artificial intelligence can have more advantages in the long-term development. The problems that doctors are now worried about can also be solved with the improvement of data, the advancement of algorithms and the improvement of people's quality. At that time, artificial intelligence can not only understand all the knowledge of the disease, but also have the ability to effectively assist human physicians. Medical costs.
In addition to medical virtual assistants, another important application of artificial intelligence in medical care is hospital intelligent decision making. One of the representative developers is AnalyticsMD in the United States. This is a start-up company founded in 2013 to provide hospital intelligent decision analysis systems. The founding team has extensive experience in medical health and big data processing. As mentioned earlier, traditional hospital management is inefficient and a large amount of medical resources are wasted. Therefore, AnalyticsMD attempts to use real-time data to track, analyze, predict and optimize hospital business, especially to improve the operation of emergency room, operating room and other systems. The company's SaaS (Software as a Service, an innovative software application model) collects detailed medical data from the US government's medical website and intelligently analyzes the data to give doctors the most reasonable advice to make them There is no need to repeatedly study complex case data, and to provide patients with the most appropriate treatment and services in a timely manner.
The use of this service, on the one hand, allows hospital managers to keep abreast of current work status and progress, make better choices, and on the other hand can improve the quality and efficiency of medical treatment, so that free medical resources can be quickly utilized. To avoid vacancy of resources and information asymmetry between doctors and patients. Therefore, the hospital intelligent decision-making system can play a number of positive roles, which can not only improve the efficiency and satisfaction of patients' medical treatment, but also reduce the waste of medical resources and control the corresponding medical costs to a large extent.
Whether it is a medical virtual assistant or a hospital intelligent decision, it is a concrete example of the improvement of artificial intelligence in the medical field.
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