First, seedling cultivation
The use of planting land for seeding seedlings, changing seedlings at the nursery, and cultivating land for the construction site avoid the disadvantages of a large number of root cuts during the seedling raising process, severe water loss during transportation, low survival rate after transplanting, and slow growth. The seedling nursery seedlings after grafting have a high survival rate, a large amount of growth, and a neat garden.
In the first year of spring, sojae seeds were planted at intervals of 1.0 to 1.5 m4 to 4.5 m, and 3 to 5 seeds per hole were sown. After sowing, they were covered with a plastic film to promote seed germination. After the emergence of seedlings, timely time, leaving 1 per hole. Strengthen nursery stocks for weeding, weeding, topdressing and watering, and promote the growth of rootstock seedlings. Autumn seedlings can grow to about 1m. In the second year of spring, from early April to late May, we grafted and collected scion wax in the winter to refrigerate. Grafting was carried out by grafting. After grafting and survival, we immediately applied top dressing, watering and foliar fertilizer. When the seedlings were grown to 1.5m, we took care of it. Promote the ripening and aging of shoots, forming mature seedlings with secondary branches.
Second, shelf cultivation
In the winter of the second year or the third year of the spring, a column is erected at an interval of 15 to 20m. The height of the column is 3.5m (0.5m in the ground and 3m in the ground), and an iron wire is pulled at intervals of 50cm on the column to form a total of 6 wires. The scaffold for tree growth.
Third, the fence wall pruning
Before the jujube sprouts in the spring, all the jujube seedlings are tied and tied to the first wire. After the fallen plant is separated from the ground by 40 cm, a second branch on the back is selected and removed from the base or left 1 ~ 2 short cuts, and in the first 1cm at the wound, deep to the xylem, prompting the main buds under the mouth sprout, pumping strong prosperous jujube tops. Increase the management of fertilizers and fertilizers, and timely spray fertilizer on the leaves. This date can grow to more than lm in the year. The part that was pulled down retained all secondary branches, and sprayed the second branch of topping and flowering season with gibberellin and borax. In the same way, the new year jujube head branches are pulled in the same direction in the following year, and the injuries are treated. Every year after this method will be handled, 6 years to complete the plastic task. The jujube-topped branches that have been pulled down serve as a permanent result and can be used for years without updating.
Fourth, Zaoyuan grass
Zaoyuan implements intercropping and under-tree cover, which can significantly reduce the amount of soil ploughing and manual weed removal and increase soil organic matter content. Zaoyuan grass can use artificial grass or natural grass. Artificial grasses can choose ryegrass, bluegrass, white clover and rat grass. In the management, natural weeds retain one or two-year-old weeds that naturally occur between the fruit trees, remove perennial weeds and weeds such as grasses, and remove 60 cm of weeds around the trunks of fruit trees.
4.1 artificial grass
Before sowing, we must first clean up the weeds and agricultural and forestry wastes in the jujube garden, level the soil, apply 3000kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per 666.7m2, turn over 20 to 25cm, and mix the soil and fertilizer. In order to avoid the deficit of orchard soil moisture caused by drought, the sowing time of orchard grass seed can be carried out according to the requirements of different grass species. Generally, it is mainly from June to September to ensure the uniformity of seedling emergence and safe wintering. According to the seed size, the seeding rate is adjusted to 6-30g/m2. The grass is not planted within 1m around the trunk and sowing is mainly used for sowing or drilling. Before sowing, use a short-toothed hoe to gently cover the surface of the 2 or 3 cm soil between the orchards, spreading the grass seed evenly onto the surface of the soil, and then use a short-toothed hoe to lightly dig the seed to cover the soil 2 to 3 cm, and suppress it slightly.
4.2 Orchard Management
Controlling grass grows. Control the growth of grass, weeds grow more than 20cm in time, generally castrated 2 to 4 times a year; legume grass to stay more than 15cm, grass leave grass about 10cm. The grass that had been cut down was scattered or covered around the tree.
Fertilize the grass. After mowing, 3~5kg of nitrogen fertilizer is applied every 666.7m2 to supplement the nitrogen content on the surface of the soil to provide the microbes with the nitrogen elements needed to decompose the grass and promote the decomposition of the straw.
V. Water and fertilizer management
Water and fertilizer management have important influence on the growth of jujube tree, yield, quality and occurrence of diseases and insect pests. It is a key link in the management of jujube trees, and it is also a job with more labor. Implementation of water and fertilizer integration can significantly save irrigation water and fertilizer, reduce water and fertilizer input and labor, stabilize production and improve quality. It is estimated that every 666.7m2 can save 80-100m3 of water and increase the cost by more than 200 yuan. During the construction of the park, drip irrigation and micro-sprinkler irrigation equipment are laid out along each line, and the fertilizer is transferred to the soil of the jujube tree at the same time as the fertilizer is used for irrigation to ensure that the nutrients in the water are even, accurate, and regularly supplied. Fertilizers can generally choose urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and other fertilizers that meet the national standards or industry standards. Fertilizers must be soluble fertilizers with high purity, low impurities, and no precipitation after they are dissolved in water. Phosphorus monophosphate is generally used to supplement phosphorus. Top dressing supplements trace elements and cannot be used together with phosphorus topdressing to prevent the formation of insoluble phosphate deposits and clogging of emitters or nozzles.
Sixth, green plant protection
Pest prevention and control adopt comprehensive prevention and control measures, adopt comprehensive control measures such as ecological control, agricultural control, biological control, and physical trapping to control jujube pests and diseases, and produce “green fruits†to ensure product quality and safety. The physical insecticide lamp and tree trunk can be used to kill insects by physical methods such as sticky shellworm glue, and the occurrence of disease can be reduced by balancing fertilizer and water, ventilation and light transmission, controlling production, and increasing tree vigor. When the density of insect population is too high and the disease is serious, biopesticides, mineral pesticides (Bordeaux solution, lime sulfur, etc.) should be used as far as possible to prevent and control, and if necessary, high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue chemical pesticides should be used to ensure that the dates are harvested. Stop spraying chemical pesticides within the safety period. Implement tractors to carry out automatic spraying to improve efficacy and spraying effects.
Seventh, mechanical operation
In the operation of fruit tree cultivation and management, it is a general trend to use machinery instead of manpower. The wide-distance close planting cultivation and the width of the inter-row work lanes are maintained at 2 to 3 m, which is conducive to mechanical soil cultivation, fertilization, tree pruning, irrigation, pest control, cultivating and weeding, harvesting of dates and other operations.
Disclaimer: Some articles in this website have been transferred from the Internet. If you are involved in third party legal rights, please inform this website. phone
Covid-19 Test,Sars-Cov-2 Test,Covid-19 Antigen Test,Covid-19 Igg Antibody Test
Wuxi BioHermes Bio & Medical Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.biohermesglobal.com