The sweet corn has wide adaptability and high efficiency, and the planting prospect is broad. However, sweet corn is different from ordinary corn, after all, because of its characteristics of sweetness, tenderness, and intolerance to storage, it is often constrained by cultivation conditions and market factors. Therefore, in addition to considering the market for sweet corn, we must also master its production. Cultivation Techniques. I. Selection of suitable varieties There are many varieties of sweet corn currently used in production, such as the new super sweet corn variety “Sui Tian No. 1†successfully selected by the Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and cultivated by Professor Song Tongming of China Agricultural University. "Nongda Super Sweet No. 1", as well as Sweet List No. 8, Tianyu No. 6, Super Sweet No. 28, Super Sweet Gold Silver Millet No. 1, etc., can be selected according to the local natural conditions and processing objectives for planting suitable varieties. 2. Strictly control the sowing and improve the quality of sowing 1. Selection requirements: Sweet corn needs fertilizer and water concentration, so it is necessary to select places with medium or above level, flatness, irrigation and drainage conditions, and use vegetable plots as the best, and concentrate on contiguous planting. Conducive to isolation and management. In order to guarantee the edible quality of sweet corn, it must be strictly isolated from other common varieties when it is planted in the selected place so as to avoid the decrease of quality due to the intermixing of powders. There are two isolation methods: (1) Space isolation. It is required that no other corn varieties can be planted within the range of 300 to 400 meters outside the planting area. If there are natural barriers such as forest trees and hills, the isolation distance can be appropriately shortened. (2) Time isolation. If space isolation is not possible, time isolation (staggering the sowing date) should be adopted to avoid encountering the flowering period of other varieties. The sowing time interval of two different varieties is generally 20 to 25 days. If a large area of ​​sweet corn is grown in pieces, the isolation standard can be appropriately reduced. 2. Seeding period: Spring sowing and summer sowing. In early spring, seedlings can be transplanted or mulching can be planted with appropriate technical measures. Early planting should be conducted properly. When plants are planted in large areas, they should be arranged in stages according to the processing capacity of the plant and the requirements of the manufacturers. 3, fine soil preparation: First of all, the ground leveling fine. A large area of ​​flat surface can be evenly spread on the surface of the ground fertilizer, then turn down the soil and mix thoroughly. In wet and easy areas, ridges should be planted to facilitate water drainage, and after ploughing and boring, hoeing widths of 1.2 to 1.3 meters (including ditches) should be used for picking, and “Sangou†should be opened (ie, Tanaka Wagyu, Ring Tiangou, Tian External drainage ditch) for irrigation and drainage. 4, Shizujifei, intensive cultivation: If the base fertilizer is insufficient, then the seedling growth is weak, will directly affect the future output, even if the late fertilizer is difficult to conceal. Basal fertilizer mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizers, per acre can be applied to maturity of organic fertilizer 1000 to 1500 kilograms, superphosphate 30 to 40 kilograms, zinc sulfate 1 to 1.5 kilograms or 20 kilograms of corn as a base fertilizer. 5. Careful sowing and reasonable close planting: The planting density must not be too large. 3000 to 3,200 plants are planted per mu and the plant spacing is about 30 cm. Firstly, the planting ditch should be opened with a spacing of 50 cm, and then 15 kg of compound fertilizer should be applied as a seed fertilizer in the sowing ditch, and a thin layer of thin soil should be added before sowing to prevent direct contact between the seed and the fertilizer. Before sowing, it must be ensured that there is a sufficient and appropriate foundation. Due to weaker sweet corn buds, the amount of seed under the mu should be 1.0 to 1.75 kilograms, using a wide and narrow row of plants (80 cm, 50 cm). When sowing, plants should be sown at a distance of 33 cm per plant from 2 to 3 seeds, suitable for shallow sowing, and Strive for consistency. After sowing, 4~5 kg of carbofuran is imported into the seeding furrow (do not use inefficient “carbazoleâ€) to prevent and control underground pests, then cover with fine soil in time, cover soil to a depth of about 3 cm to ensure full seedling. Third, to strengthen field management 1, scientific fertilization: In Shizu base fertilizer, suitable for the application of fertilizer on the basis of mastering the "light Miaofei, Qiao Shi attack culm fertilizer, re-appropriate attack Feifei fertilizer" principles of top dressing. When the seedlings grow to 4 leaves, fertilizer can be applied in a timely manner. Each mus of urea can be applied to 5 to 7.5 kg of urea and 5 to 7.5 kg of potassium chloride. In the jointing stage (7-8 leaves), good attack culm fertilizer, Mushi urea 10 kg, potassium chloride 15 kg. In the big bell-mouth period (before tasselling), re-apply the attacking manure, and in the middle of double-row planting, apply 15 kg of urea per mu and 7.5 kg of potassium chloride. Every dressing should adopt the method of timely earth covering after fertilization, reduce volatilization and prevent loss of nutrients. Each canal fertilizer can be combined with cultivating, weeding and earth-cultivation to enhance the lodging resistance of the corn. 2, timely irrigation: timely watering fertilizer, small bell to the filling period is a critical period of water needs, drought must be timely watering. 3, and time seedlings, Dingmiao; when the plant grows to 3 to 4 leaf time seedlings, 5 to 6 leaves when the Dingmiao, according to the principle of weak to stay strong, leaving only one strong seed per hole. 4. Timely smashing and removing scorpion: Sweet corn has characteristics of tillering and branching. To ensure the production and grade of ear, it is necessary to fight scorpion scorpion as early as possible. Only one corn stalk at the top is kept in each plant, and all other ears are removed. In order not to affect the normal growth of corn, the main stem and leaves should be avoided as much as possible during operation. Some small tillers can occur in sweet corn at the seedling stage and should be removed as soon as possible. 5. Water management: keep the soil moist in the seedling stage and jointing stage, avoid waterlogging or baptism, otherwise it may easily cause “water yellow†and affect the normal growth of the plant; during pumping and spinning, it is the key to water, and it is necessary to prevent soil drought. In the rainy season, we must strengthen drainage. During the whole growth period of corn, pay attention to the work of flood prevention and drainage. 6, pest and disease control: 1 disease, mainly large and small leaf spot (leaf spot) and sheath blight. Size spot can be sprayed with 75% chlorothalonil 100g or 75% thiophanate-methyl 100g water 50kg. Rhizoctonia can be sprayed with 40% striamycin 30 g watered 75 kg or Jinggangmycin 200 g watered 100 kg water. 2 Insect pests should mainly focus on prevention and control of underground pests at the seedling stage and corn borers in the middle and later stages. In order to prevent food poisoning, pesticides should be used with caution in the middle and late stages. Never use highly toxic pesticides with long residual effects. Underground pests are mainly damaged during the seedling stage. Use 60% methamidophos 50 g or 48% rossib 50 g water. 50 kg watered around the roots of the plants. The corn borer should be handled as early as possible. During the big bell mouth period, the Mu with 1 kg of poisonous soil is applied to the big bell mouth, and the effect is good. It is also possible to use 18% of insecticide double 100 g or 20% cyanide 50 grams of pyrethrin or 48% of Bass 50 grams of water 50 kg sprayed on the big bell mouth. When the corn pollination is basically over, and the larvae are still harmed on the filaments, they should be promptly treated with the sprays of the above-mentioned agents, and the key is to spray the base of the silk thread on the top of the corn mash. The locusts can be sprayed with 20 grams (1 packet) and 50 kg of water. Fourth, timely harvesting sweet corn harvesting is too early, the yield is low, the flavor is poor; harvesting too late, although the yield is high, but the flavor is also poor. Therefore, it should be timely harvested according to the requirements of the quality of the goods. Under normal circumstances, common sweet corn is harvested 18 to 21 days after pollination, while supersweet corn is harvested 21 to 24 days after pollination. The production time can be determined according to the product required for processing. The spring sowing of sweet corn is at a high temperature in summer, and its filling speed is fast. The growers and processing factories should pay attention to observe the timely harvest, otherwise it will affect the quality of the grain; the summer sowing of sweet corn is in the autumn low temperature period, and the filling speed is slow. Harvest time can be appropriately elongated.
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