1. Variety selection
Garlic cultivation uses medium-sized garlic balls of early maturing age, garlic sprouts and garlic heads are planted with white garlic or purple garlic.
2. Kind of garlic treatment
The bud tip injury flap was removed, and the large and medium-sized flaps were selected as the seed flaps; the small and flat garlic cloves were used for green garlic cultivation according to the size and size. The following methods can be used to break the dormancy, first, peeling garlic skin; secondly, immersing it in clean water or 30% human urine for 1 to 2 days; third, using low temperature treatment, suspend the garlic cloves into deep well water for 24 hours, or use cold water. After dipping, put it in a cool place, or put it in a refrigerator at 0~4°C for 1 month. Sprout when garlic is rooted.
3. Suitable for sowing
In Hunan, for the cultivation of sowing garlic can be advanced to late July to late August, can also be delayed to October broadcast late varieties, more in the middle of August sowing, 11 ~ December of that year can be harvested garlic; garlic cultivation Sow in the middle and late September. Cultivation of garlic, garlic 3cm by plant spacing on both sides of the planting ditch, species tip up, insert is stable, with 667 square meters with a species of 300 kilograms;
Cultivation of garlic, spacing of 9 cm, 667 square meters with a species of 150 kg. The flat rakes were sown and sowed in a north-south direction. Each hole was sown with a cloves of garlic. The tip was slightly exposed. Can also be opened by shallow groove ditch, ditch 6 to 7 cm in depth, species inserted into the groove upright, covered with soil after sowing, shoot flat. Can also be inserted after the garlic into the planting ditch with decomposed human feces poured in the ditch, cover the thin soil, straw or wheat straw cover, or in the ditch between the rows of broadcast hot cabbage, can play a role in shade cooling.
4. Field management
The autumn sowing garlic immediately after sowing 1 times, close to the emergence of pouring second water. Watering after emergence as appropriate, topsoil see the dry third water, grow 2 true leaves after the cultivator loose soil, suitable seedlings, generally cultivator 3 times, the soil was frozen before filling the winter water, cover the straw after the irrigation, defoliation, etc. Cold and frostproof. After the temperature rose in early spring, 667 square meters of open pits were treated with water and 1000 to 1500 kg of organic fertilizer.
The average daily temperature of the seedlings after winter is stable and the cold protection facilities are removed in time by 1~2°C. When the soil is frozen, the soil is cultivated and loosened. When the ground temperature is raised, it is poured back to Qingshui, and 2000kg of decomposed human and animal manure is applied to the water. When the base fertilizer is insufficient, 667m2 is obtained. Add 50 to 100 kilograms of cake fat, and deepen the ditch. In combination with cultivator loose soil timely weeding. At the end of March~ early April, re-applying pumping manure, 667 square meters of ditch and manure 2,000 tons of manure excrement, in late April and then topdressing 1, generally 8 to 10 days watering 1, keep the soil see dry see wet.
During the convulsive period, it is watered once every 6 to 7 days, combined with watering and topdressing of decomposing manure and manure, and cultivating and weeding are generally not carried out during the bolting period. Timely removal of field weeds. Watering is stopped 3 to 4 days before picking. During the expansion of the bulbs, the soil is kept moist. In early May, garlic bulbs are harvested and then watered once. The top-dressing fertilizer is applied one at a time. It is advisable to apply it before the last watering before the rice-duckling. % Potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed every 5 to 7 days for the second time and watered every 4 to 5 days until it reaches 5 to 7 days before garlic harvest.
5. Soil fertigation
Garlic bogey continuum, the choice of terrain Gaozao, loose texture and fertile, high organic matter content of the plot. After the harvest, it is used to deepen the sunburn and plowing 1 or 2 times. Prior to site preparation, more than 5,000 kg of composted manure was applied per 667 square meters, and 100 kg to 150 kg of cake fertilizer and 50 kg of plant ash were planted in the seeding ditch, and the soil was fully mixed and used as a pestle.
6. Harvest
After planting seeds from August to September, garlic can be harvested until 11 to 12 months. Until the following spring, 667 square meters produce 2,000 kilograms; garlic sprouts are sold in early summer. When garlic sprouts show 5 to 7 centimeters of leaf sheaths, they are harvested. The method should stop watering 5 to 7 days before taking the cockroach. After 10:00 in the morning, the temperature is still high. When the garlic bulb just starts to stretch out the sheath and hits a small bend, it is vigorously raised. If it is still difficult to pull out, it can be taken from the middle of the pseudo-stem. That is to say, the reciprocal 3 to 4 leaves should be removed with a needle and the functional leaves should be kept as far as possible, especially the uppermost one or two leaves; garlic bulbs can be harvested 18 to 20 days after harvesting.
7. Pest control
Each 667 square meters is sprayed with 150-200 ml of Bacillus thuringiensis and sprayed once every 7 days, which can effectively kill 1 to 2 instar larvae of the flies. Per 667 square meters with pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics and Wu Yixin 500 ml spray, with Liuyangmycin or avermectin spray 2500 ~ 3000 times, can prevent and control spider mites, aphids, leaf miners, with Streptomyces sulfiraris Or 4000-5000 times of neomycin to prevent garlic bacterial diseases. The use of onion, loofah leaves, tomato leaves leaching solution made of pesticides, can control locusts, red spiders, the use of Sophora flavescens, skunk, leek leaf leachate, can control aphids.
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