"I pay a hundred yuan, when can this film get the hand?" Xu Zhentian, a villager in Shixi Village, Shijia Town, Neijiang City, rushed to buy a film. "Last year was bought late, the goods were not enough, there were no acres of land, and the result was harvest. Great reduction, this time the village unified purchase, supply and quality are guaranteed, I will pay the money first." At the site of the rice mulching cultivation technology training just completed in Shixi Village, many villagers rushed to buy this year The mulch used.
Rice is the main food crop in our province. In the face of this year's drought, rice transplanting should pay attention to the key links. For this reason, the author interviewed Neijiang City Science and Technology Commissioner Huang Jiahui. She told the author that the rice mulching and drought-resistant water-saving cultivation technology is no longer Another emerging technology is already widespread in most places. However, like this dry weather this year, rice mulching cultivation is bound to be accepted by more small and medium-sized growers. This technology can save 70% of water consumption by planting rice. The growth period is shortened by one week compared with the traditional one, and the yield per acre can be increased by nearly 400 kg compared with no film.
This obvious advantage has made rice mulching technology more and more accepted by farmers. However, many farmers who accept this technology still have some misunderstandings in the planting process. How to maximize the benefits and key technologies in the planting process. Can not be ignored.
Planting at the right time
In the dry weather, the soil can't be planted with pleats. To get ready, clear the weeds in the fields and make sure the fields are clean. The hilly terrain is complex, and it is necessary to ensure the smoothness of the field, which will directly affect the success of the film. Wait until a rain, wet the soil, it is necessary to grab the time to open the film. Adhere to timely planting at an early date, and strive to plant winter paddy fields before the end of April, and plant two seasons in late May.
Reasonable opening
Rice noodle cultivation recommends no-tillage method, that is, there is no need for arable land. The place where the hoe is needed is to open the car. The scientific method is to open the box at 5 feet, and the trench is 4 cm deep. After the film is covered, the film can be ensured that it does not float. If there are conditions, the water in the ditch can be kept. As long as there is humidity in the film, there is no water in the ditch and it will not affect the growth of the seedling.
Moderate irrigation
The irrigation referred to here does not require a large amount of water, but it is necessary to master the growth period of the rice for several growth periods, and what kind of wetness the soil requires to ensure the growth of the seedlings. The key irrigation period for rice mulching and early planting is transplanting stage, booting heading stage and milking stage. Wet irrigation is carried out during transplanting period, and the soil water content reaches the maximum water holding capacity in the field; the booting stage and the heading stage can be used. Take shallow water-wet irrigation, only half-ditch water can be used when cooking, and dry and wet after the milk ripening period and later. Among them, due to the long time of heading stage, it can be divided into watering at the booting stage and irrigation at the heading stage.
Membrane and labor saving
When coating the film, use a rope to tie the two ends of the bamboo rod used to wrap the film. After the end of the tearing film is fixed in the soil, the rope is pulled, the force is evenly distributed, and the film is rolled over the soil. On the way, this method requires only one person to operate, which is simple and labor-saving. After the film is covered, simply press the film on both sides along the groove. When choosing a film, be sure to choose 0.04 mm thick to ensure ventilation and ventilation. After the film is covered, it is necessary to house livestock such as chickens and ducks to prevent the film from being broken.
Scientific punching
Huang Jiahui said that the dry cultivation of covered rice is suitable (the number of effective panicles that can meet the high yield requirements, and the transplanting labor is minimized). The southern region is 150,000 to 225,000 bushes per hectare. This year, they specially equipped the perforated rollers for the common people. The three sides of the roller are inlaid with wooden sticks for outward expenditure. Each of the three wooden sticks has a triangular shape. This layout is scientifically studied, with large dispersion and small concentration. To ensure the intensive cultivation of rice, it ensures the density and enhances the ventilation and light transmission. When punching, just tie the rope to the two ends of the drum, and pull the two sides evenly, and the hole layout is even and reasonable.
Applying base fertilizer
Due to the high temperature inside the membrane, the coated rice is not leached or washed by rainwater or irrigation water. Therefore, the soil fertilizer and fertilizer performance are better. In order to ensure the nutrient demand of the covered rice during the whole growth period, it is necessary to apply a single base fertilizer. In the fertilizer formula, the organic fertilizer should be mainly used, and the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc fertilizers should be combined to carry out the compounding, or the biological compound fertilizer and the special slow-acting controlled release fertilizer which are currently available on the market. In general, the amount of one mu is: 30 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 15 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 12 kg of potassium fertilizer, and 3 kg of zinc fertilizer. If the field is slightly thinner, urea can be added as appropriate. The effect of controlled release urea blending with ordinary urea is good, which can improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer. When 70% of controlled release urea is used, 30% of ordinary urea is used, and the yield of rice is increased by 17.5% compared with ordinary urea which is simply applied with the same amount of nitrogen.