Not long ago, the cancer immunotherapy giant Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS) announced that it will expand its $1.2 billion cooperation agreement with CytomX in 2014 to $3.8 billion. Under the agreement, BMS will use CytomX's proprietary Probody platform to develop eight new targeted drugs, including six oncology drugs and two non-tumor drugs.
In addition to BMS, CytomX's collaboration list includes AbbVie, Pfizer, MD Anderson Cancer Research Center, and ImmunoGen. Without exception, they all look at the Protom platform of CytomX.
Their purpose is also very simple, is to find a way to let them develop anti-cancer drugs that only kill cancer cells, do not harm the healthy tissue, and reduce the harm of drugs to patients as much as possible. In fact, more than 100 years ago, the great German scientist, the founder of chemotherapy, and the 1908 Nobel laureate Professor Paul Ehrlich put forward the "magic bullet" hypothesis. He believed that he should be able to find medicines that only cure diseases without harming healthy tissues. . It is this hypothesis of Professor Ehrlich that has inspired generations of scientists to search for "magic bullets" (1).
Professor Paul Ehrlich (Source: Nobel Prize Website)
In fact, chemotherapy drugs follow the hypothesis of Professor Ehrlich, but because they are not very distinguishable, they have a lot of side effects on the human body. Today, with the development of molecular biology and genetics, more and more tumor markers have been discovered, which has greatly promoted the development of new anticancer drugs. The name reveals the unique "targeted therapy" and the "immunotherapy" that reveals harmony and friendliness in the name. Although their side effects are far lower than chemotherapy, they still hurt patients to some extent.
After all, many antigens present or highly expressed in tumor tissues are present in at least one other tissue or organ. This imposes significant limitations on the dose of the drug to be administered (2). If drug targeting for single or several tumor markers is not enough, is there a way to further improve this targeting?
Schematic of "magic bullet": red represents tumor cells (by Wang Shuang)
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