Variety selection
For pea varieties cultivated in early spring greenhouses, varieties with strong cold resistance, disease resistance, high yield and good quality should be used. Generally, it can be used to grow fresh bean varieties (hard pods) and soft pods that are served by tender pods.
2. Sowing date selection
In the early spring of the Yangtze River valley, greenhouse cultivation is carried out in February and March, and harvested in April-May. In order to gain time, it is best to cover with the mulch and promote early emergence.
3. Soil preparation and fertilization
The land selection is flat, the irrigation and drainage is convenient, and the field cultivation of the bean crops has not been planted in the previous year. It is required that the soil contains high organic matter, and the sandy loam can be used for clay to make it acidic to neutral. Apply enough base fertilizer, generally apply 5000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per acre, 25-30 kg of superphosphate, 20-25 kg of potassium chloride or 100 kg of plant ash. After evenly spreading it, plow the soil and make it. There are many rains in the Yangtze River basin. It is necessary to make deep trenches and sorghum. Generally, the height is 20-25 cm, the width is 1 meter, and the width of the trench is 30-40 cm. The three ditch is matched to ensure smooth drainage.
4. Seeding and seedling
Spring peas early-maturing peas multi-purpose seedling transplanting method. The nutrient soil is made up of 6 parts of fertile garden soil and 4 parts of high-quality organic fertilizer. Each cubic meter of soil is added with 6-8 kg of superphosphate, 0.5-1 kg of urea, and 4-5 kg ​​of ash. In order to increase the aeration, a small amount of fine sand or fine slag may be incorporated. It is advisable to use dry seeds for direct seeding in greenhouses to prevent rotten seeds from being caused by low temperature. It can also be soaked in germination, the water temperature is about 30 °C, soak for 1-2 hours, wrap it out with a damp cloth, and germination at 25-28 °C. 2-3 seeds per nutrient or nutrient earth at the time of sowing, and then cover 4-6 cm thick moist nutrient soil. After the sowing, the cover film is covered with a film to keep warm. When the morning sowing or the temperature is low, the small arch shed can be supported on the raft, and if necessary, the grass is covered with heat at night. After the sowing, the indoors are kept at 15-18 ° C, so that the emergence of the seedlings is neat. Remove the film after emergence and properly cool to 10-15 °C. The ventilation was strengthened one week before planting, so that the seedlings received low temperature exercise at 2-5 °C. Generally, there is no need to water when the soil is not dry at the seedling stage. Seedling age 30-35 days colonization.
5. Colonization
When the minimum temperature in the greenhouse is stable at 4 °C, it can be colonized. A single row of 1.0 m wide stalks was planted in 1 row, and 1.0 m wide rafts were planted in two rows with a spacing of 15-18 cm. Two rows of 1.5-meter-wide stalks planted in two rows, with a plant spacing of 21-24 cm. Ditching and planting, the ditch depth is 12-14 cm, and the water is cut after cutting. Cultivated with small sorghum, each row is planted in two rows, the hole distance is 18-20 cm, and the planting hole is sealed with soil after planting the seedling.
6. Field management
(1) Within a week after temperature management, the closed shed film is not ventilated, and the shed temperature is maintained at 20-25 °C to promote slow seedlings. In case of cold, frost, wind, rain and snow, temporary warming measures should be taken, such as grasshoppers around the greenhouse. After slow seedlings, timely ventilation and cooling, remove moisture, and control the temperature at 18-20 °C during the day to prevent seedlings from growing. In the future, the ventilation will be gradually increased depending on the weather conditions. Because the outside temperature of the plant is still low before the bud, the shed film should be closed early in the afternoon to keep the temperature inside the shed above 10 °C. In the middle and late April, the wind can be enlarged and the wind can be closed at night. After mid-May, it can be ventilated day and night. The whole flowering pod-forming period is maintained at 15-20 ° C during the day, 12-16 ° C during the night, and the air humidity is about 80%. If the temperature during the pod-forming period exceeds 26 ° C, although the pod grows fast and harvests early, the quality is greatly reduced and the yield is also reduced. The tender pods are initially collected from late April to May, and the harvest period is 40-50 days.
(2) If the water and fertilizer management is in a drought after sowing, it must be watered in time to promote emergence. When the bottom water is suitable after planting, it is generally not necessary to water and fertilize before the bud, but it is necessary to cultivate the soil 2-3 times in time. After the bud, watering and topdressing, the use of compound fertilizer 15-20 kg, and shallow cultivating 1 time. After flowering and sitting on the pod, it is sensitive to water and enters a period of demand for water and fertilizer. The drought should be properly watered. It is necessary to clear the ditch and drain the rain, keep the soil in moderate humidity, prevent excessive or excessive moisture, and cause the flowers to fall. Generally, water is poured once every 10 days, and the fertilizer is chased by water. After each watering, increase the amount of air to reduce the occurrence of diseases. Spray 1%-3% of superphosphate or 0.1%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution in the pod stage.
(3) The brackets and the whole branches of the vines or semi-vine plants are inserted into the racks in time, and the "people" frame is inserted with fine bamboo rafts or thin branches, and each one acts as a frame, and the vines are promptly introduced. When the seedling height is about 20 cm, check regularly to prevent lodging. The pea plants in the greenhouse tend to be leafy, and the production should be pruned and the branches and weak branches should be properly removed.
7. Harvesting
After the mature shed peas mature in early spring, they should be harvested in time, otherwise they will lose the meaning of early planting. The harvesting standard is: the harvest of young beans must be harvested when the beans are fully full, and the pods are changed from dark green to light green, generally harvested 15-18 days after flowering; harvested tender pods must be tender The pods are fully enlarged and the fresh weight is the largest. The seeds are harvested when they begin to develop, and are generally harvested 12-15 days after flowering.
Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website. phone
Amino Acid,Feed Amino Acid,Feed Amino Acid Additive,Amino Acid For Poultry
NANYANG CHENGPENG PHARMACEUTICAL CO.,LTD , https://www.chppharm.com