Shexian County is located in the southernmost part of Hebei Province and is a pure mountainous area. It has nine droughts in a decade and the annual precipitation is less than 500 mm, and is concentrated in July-August. In the absence of irrigation conditions planted grapes, drought prevention is particularly important because of the greater demand for grapes. The drought prevention measures of the vineyard before the arrival of the rainy season are summarized as follows:
1 Ditching fertilizer and timely soil loosening
After the grapes are unveiled on shelves, they should be topdressed and timely soil loosened. For topdressing fertilizer with phosphorus nitrate, the dosage is 15 ~ 20 kg per acre, or if urea plus superphosphate mixed fertilizer is used, the dosage per acre is 15 ~ 20 kg. Because the phosphate fertilizer needs to be concentrated and applied early, the effect is good. Ditch depth of 5 ~ 8 cm, with the application with the buried, after shallow fertilization after fertilization, will help preserve. Promotes robust tree growth and enhanced drought resistance.
2 coverage
After loose soil, straw or plastic film can be used to cover the grapes. If straw is used, it is necessary to collect corn straw earlier. The thickness of the covering straw is 10 ~ 20 cm, and it should be properly pressed with soil to prevent wind blow and fire. If it is covered with a mulch, it should be lined on both sides of the row of grapes and compacted with soil.
3 Topping except for new shoots
When the grape shoot grows to about 30 cm, picking up the heart and removing it from the second shoot at any time, leaving 2 to 3 to leave one, reducing the growth point, and also reducing the leaves, which in turn reduces the loss of water.
4 control locusts
Because aphids mainly suck leaf juice, such as the outbreak of aphids, they will curl the leaves, reduce photosynthesis, stop growth, and affect yield. It can be treated with 2.5% enemies to kill 2 000 times or 10% of WPZ.
5 artificial water supply
In the absence of irrigation conditions and drought in a special year, the leaves began to war in the afternoon and stretched in the morning. In this case, artificial water must be supplied. Manually pulling water, which is time-consuming and labor-consuming, is still very limited. Therefore, to maximize the use of limited water, the following method can be used: Use a one-inch iron pipe to weld a "T"-shaped structure, called "drilling device." The length of the bar is 50 cm and the length of the bar is 100 cm. The lower end of the nozzle is polished with a grinding wheel to save labor.
Drill 2 eyes on the left and right sides of the grape roots (depending on the size of the canopy, determine the number of drills). The distance from the neck to the neck is 40 to 50 cm and the depth is 20 to 40 cm. (Depending on the species, the depth is determined, and deep-rooted species such as black dates and walnuts are used. For apples, etc., you must hit 40 cm. For shallow roots, such as pepper, hit 20 cm.) Fill each eye with water, allow it to infiltrate naturally, irrigate once again according to the situation, and finally bury it with soil. Because water can diffuse freely and reach the roots smoothly, it does not waste a single drop of water, allowing the water to function maximally, enabling the grapes to spend a very dry year without reducing production.
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