As the temperature rises, pests and diseases rapidly spread, and the prevention and control of pests and diseases in early spring wheat is inescapable. Early control should be the mainstay and efforts should be made to control the initial stage of development. At present, the main pests and diseases are wheat sheath blight, head blight, rust, powdery mildew, aphids, midge, and red spider.
The prevention and control of wheat diseases and pests in early spring should strengthen the management of agricultural cultivation in the field, promote the growth of wheat, and supplement it with sprays.
Wheat sheath blight. The incidence of wheat sheath blight is widespread. The incidence rate of diseased plants in general diseased fields is 10% to 30%, and that of severe diseased fields is 60% to 80%. The rate of dry spikes caused by severe field disease may be above 20%. Loss of production due to illness is generally around 10%, and up to 30% to 40% when severe.
Wheat can be affected at all stages of its development. In spring, it is the period of infestation, the rate of diseased plants rises rapidly, and the rate of diseased plants after jointing is high. After stem turning, the stem and leaf sheaths of plants produce oval water-spotted lesions that develop into light brown moire. Diseased lesions and lesions at the ear stage are connected to the symptoms of flower stalks. The lesions can also be extended deeper into the inside of the stems and stalks, so that internodes or stems rot can not be extracted from the ear or heading into a white panicle, less fertility, grain pods, causing severe lodging.
Prevention methods. The control of Rhizoctonia solani was the best at the end of delivery, followed by the jointing period and the booting period was poor. In the period of returning green joints of wheat, when the diseased plant rate reaches 15%, use 25% tebuconazole 30g-40g plus 20% Jinggangmycin water soluble powder 25g per mu, or 20% triadimefon EC 50ml, add water. 30 kg to 40 kg sprayed on the stem base of wheat, and also added 4.5% beta-cypermethrin (50 ml) to treat aphids and spider mites. According to the severity of the disease, interval 7 days to 10 days, even prevention 2 to 3 times.
Wheat rust. Wheat rust is commonly referred to as "jaundice", strip rust, leaf rust, and stem rust. The field can be identified based on the characteristics of "strip rust formation, leaf rust formation, and stem rust is a large erythema." In the city, there are mainly stripe rust and leaf rust. If it is not controlled in time, it will quickly spread if it becomes popular, and it can reduce production by 20% to 30% in popular years. In early spring, rust infects wheat and it needs to go through the central stage of disease development. Then it expands the epidemic. It is necessary to actively eradicate the early bacteria source, and the emergence center should control the application of pesticides early to prevent the rust disease from spreading. Control methods: The rust disease center in Datian should be sprayed and controlled in time. If the diseased leaf rate reaches 5% and the severity is below 10%, use 25% tebuconazole 30g~40g/acre 50mg/acre, 30kg~40kg water, or 15% triadimefon 50/mu. Grams or 20% of Triadimefon EC 40 ml. In disease epidemic years, if the diseased leaf rate is more than 25% and the severity exceeds 10%, the dosage should be increased. Depending on the severity of the disease, spraying with 2 to 3 times the above dosage can also add 4.5% efficiency. Cypermethrin 50 ml, a combination of aphids and red spiders.
Wheat scab. Fusarium head blight causes not only a reduction in production, but also produces acute symptoms such as headaches and vomiting after consumption of wheat or flour by humans and animals. Wheat can be affected from the seedlings to headings, mainly causing seedlings, stem base rot, culm rot and ear rot, among which the earliest damage is ear rot. Scallop rot: When wheat is bloomed, an immersed brownish-brown spot appears on the glume initially, and then the whole spikelet is expanded and the spikelets are yellowish. When the humidity is high, a pink gel moldy layer is formed at the lesion. The epidemic of scab has been caused by wet weather during the wheat flowering season. Control methods: Use 25% tebuconazole per acre 30g ~ 40g plus wheat 50ml, or 40% carbendazim gel suspension 50g, add water 30kg ~ 40kg spray.
Wheat powdery mildew. The main harm to the leaves, in serious cases can also damage leaf sheaths, stems and ears. At the beginning of the disease, yellow dots were produced, and then gradually expanded into round or oval lesions. A layer of white powdery mildew was formed on the surface. The mildew layer gradually turned gray and eventually became light brown. Many black pigments appeared on the lesions. smaller. The lesions can heal for a long time and cause the leaves to yellow. The loss of damaged wheat fields is as high as 20% to 30%. Control methods: 25% tebuconazole per acre 30 grams to 40 grams plus wheat 50 ml, or 15% triadimefon 50 grams to 100 grams, add water 30 kg to 40 kg constant spray. According to the severity of the disease, interval 7 days to 10 days, even prevention 2 to 3 times.
Wheat red spider. Red spiders can endanger both spring and autumn. They are mainly spring hazards, and they mainly damage wheat leaves. Adults and nymphs suck sap on wheat leaves. After wheat leaves are damaged, white spots appear and then turn yellow. When the victim suffers serious damage, the ear cannot dry, and the wheat strain dries and dies. Red spiders generally start their activities in late February. The middle and late March is the period when the fields are in danger, and it is also a critical period for prevention and control. Control methods: If Red spider reaches the prevention and control index, use 4.5 ml of 4.5% beta-cypermethrin per acre, 50 ml, or 20% of broom-moisturizing WP, 20 g to 30 g, or 1.8 ml of Indimethoate, 8 ml to 12 ml, add water. 40 kg to 50 kg of spray can also be mixed with fungicides 25% tebuconazole 30 g to 40 g for the treatment of wheat diseases.
Wheat aphids. The early stage of the aphid was mainly on the front or back of the leaf, and the late stage concentrated on the ear to suck and sap, which caused the slow growth of the affected plant, reduced tillering, and the decrease of the 1000-grain weight. Simultaneously, the honeydew secretion also induced coal pollution. Control methods: Available per acre 50g/L Lambda-cyhalothrin EC 10ml plus 20% acetamiprid WP 10g or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 30g or 50% anti-inferon Viagra wettable powder 10g plus water 30kg~ 40 kg spray control. In the prevention and treatment of the panicle phase, both wheat rust and powdery mildew should be taken into consideration, and 25% tebuconazole 30g-40g plus cypermethrin 50ml plus wheat and 50ml can be mixed, and the above pest control effect can reach 85%-90%.
Midge. There are two kinds of wheat red midge and wheat yellow midge. Our city is mainly wheat red midge. The size of midge is relatively small, adult body length is only 2 mm to 2.5 mm, wingspan is about 5 mm, and the body is orange-red. It mainly uses larvae to lurk in the glume to absorb the sap of granules that are being grouted. This results in reduced grain and shell production. . Control methods: When the average wheat field has 5 or more insects per small earth or 10 nets of 10 adult insects on average, it needs immediate control. With 40% phoxim EC per acre of 65 ml or 25 ml per mu of pyrethroids, add 30 kg to 40 kg of constant water spray, interval 2 days to 3 days, and even spray 3 to 5 times.
Sports nutrition is the [magic ingredient", which can be a make-or-break factor in their success, for all competitive athletes or others dedicated to their training program. Sports nutrition supplements will always yield better results when used by those who have established a solid nutritional foundation.
Sports nutrition regimen is invaluable to the athlete, as it will support everything an athlete needs: strength, agility, endurance, mental sharpness, and a positive state-of-mind.
Sports Nutrition Supplements,Sports Nutrition Products,Natural Sports Nutrition,Sports Nutrition Protein
SINOCHEM PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD , https://www.sinochemnutrition.com