Injury period
In spring, when the ground temperature of the grape root system reaches 7°C~10°C, the grape roots begin to move, absorbing moisture and inorganic salts from the soil. At the same time, organic nutrients stored in the roots and perennial vines become available. Conducted from the roots and the old vines. Due to the thick and large root canals on the vines, the sap rises rapidly. At this time, the sap has not yet sprouted. If there is a mechanical wound on the ground, it will cause sap outflow and become an injury. flow.
Operation points
â— Remove buried soil from cold areas buried in the north, taking care not to injure buds and reduce injury. Coastal areas with slower warming can be pushed backwards according to weather conditions.
â— Carry out spring garden clearance work. Copper preparations can be used in more years of rain; drought can be sprayed with 3 to 5 degrees lime sulfur; special drugs can be selected for specific problems.
â— If you do not use basal fertilizer in autumn or if you are under-applied, you must chase it in a timely manner and apply water.
Infancy
The initiation of leaf formation from the buds is called the budding stage. At a daily average temperature of 10°C or above, the grape buds begin to swell and grow. The budding period is relatively short. In winter, it is buried in a cold area. The buds begin to germinate 7-10 days after the release of the cover.
Operation points
â— Shelf: The shelving can be framed in the morning and trimmed.
â— Topdressing: In the bud expansion period, 2.5~5kg of farmyard manure is used in combination with sea elves biostimulant 200~300 times to open the ring groove to supplement the tree nutrients and promote root growth.
â— Smearing buds: For buds that have already sprouted, they must go weak and strong, and remove buds that are dense, crowded, lean, weak, and growing and unfavorable. For two buds or three buds, one or two of them should be erased. It is advisable to wipe off buds early, every 3 to 5 days, usually 2 or 3 times.
â— Pest control: timely control of blackpox disease, felt disease, white rot and red spider, scale insects and thrips, etc., can be used carbendazim + thiram + pyraclostrobin to treat soil and vine.
New growth period
The stoppage of growth from budding to new growth is called a new period of slight growth. The initial growth is slow. When the average daily temperature rises to 20°C, the new growth will be rapid and the growth will be 10-20 cm per day and night, which means the first peak of growth. From then on until flowering, the new growth slowed slightly.
Operation points
â— Bundling and fixing the tip: When the new tip grows to more than 40 cm, windbreaks will be introduced in time. Eliminating shoots and shoots without flower buds and tentatively setting tips. Remove new tendrils and remove new ones.
â— Topping: Pick up the heart in time and take it away after three days of picking. From the bottom up, three times at a time and three days apart.
â— Fertilizer and Water Management: Second fertilizer is applied to ensure tree nutrients. Crushing nitrogen-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer, foliar spraying phosphorus and potassium source + sea Elf bio-stimulant foliar type, appropriate calcium fertilizer, boron fertilizer.
â— Pest control: The main diseases are gray mold, downy mildew, cob brown blight, black pox, brown spot and so on. Insect pests include hummocks, green eyes, and other diseases. The effective pharmaceutical agents are urea-fazoxanone, azoxystrobin, dimethomorph, and myclobutanil, which can be sprayed with insecticides.
Flowering period
From the flowering stage until the final flowering stage, it becomes the flowering stage. The morning and evening of the flowering period and the length of time are related to the local climatic conditions and cultivars. The general flowering period is 10 to 15 days.
Operation points
â— Apply fertilizer in time: Spray a 500-800-fold +0.2%-0.3% boric acid or borax solution in the initial flowering and blooming stages to promote pollen tube elongation and increase fruit set rate. Remember to beat the wire after spraying fertilizer. .
â— Moisture management: In the flowering period, it is not possible to pour water, but it cannot dry. Prevent frost and spray with water.
â— Non-nuclear treatment: In order to promote grape seedlessness, increase fruit set and fruit enlargement during the flowering period of grape, some hormone drugs may be used when appropriate. The currently commonly used agents are pyrazolidone and gibberellin. The recommended concentration of pyrazole is 2~5mg/L, and the recommended concentration of gibberellin is 20~25mg/L.
â— Pest control: Inflorescence separation period and 2 to 4 days before grape blooming, control of gray mold, black pox, anthracnose, downy mildew, cob brown blight, cut-wing moth, beetle and so on. Available: 50% thiophanate-methyl + 23.5% Iprodione + 80% Dimethomorph + 25% Difenoconazole + 2.5% Amorphous Salt + Boron.
One expansion period
The first enlargement of the grapes occurs from fruit setting to fruit growth from green to white. According to the different varieties need 30 to 60 days, the fruit grows rapidly during this period, at the same time, the lower part of the shoot begins to develop, and winter buds are formed in the axillary buds.
Operation points
â— Pruning the ears: Reasonably thinning the fruit to control the yield.
â— Pest control: Before the bagging treatment, the pesticide can be used as pyraclostrobin + difenoconazole + fludioxonil + calcium + insecticide.
â— Sacking: timely bagging, pest control and disease prevention, while paying attention to burning and burning.
â— Fertilizer and water management: After fruit set, 10 kg of potassium nitrate and calcium per acre will be applied together with sea elf bio-stimulant to enhance nutrition and ensure strong roots.
Second expansion
The whitishness of the fruit begins to turn color, which is called the second enlargement period. For 20 to 40 days, winter buds mature gradually.
Operation points
â— Apply fertilizer in a timely manner, balanced nutrition, pay attention to the application of nitrogen fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and calcium fertilizer, spray 500-800 times of the source of phosphorus and potassium in the leaves, and promote swelling.
â— Remove the shoot tips and cultivate new shoots.
â— Closely observe the occurrence of pests and diseases in the bag after bagging. If it is serious, you can spray the bag.
Color change period
The fruit turns soft and begins to harvest, which is the turning period of the grape. The time varies from 15 to 60 days depending on the species.
Operation points
â— About 100 grams of potassium sulfate fertilizer is applied to each plant and applied with sea elf bio-stimulant. During the period of grape maturation, the phosphorus and potassium source 500 to 800 times solution is sprayed every 7-10 days to increase the sugar content of the fruit. , improve sweetness, promote coloring.
â— Remove the old leaves and diseased leaves that block the sunlight near the ear in time, remove the strong leaves and increase the light.
â— Ground water in drought to maintain water stress.
â— When grape fruits begin to be colored, the use of ethephon treatment can speed up the grape coloring and mature earlier.
â— Prevent diseases such as downy mildew, white rot, and powdery mildew. Protect the grape leaves and increase the photosynthesis of the leaves.
Recovery period
After the fruit is harvested, yellowing leaves naturally fall off and it belongs to the recovery period of the tree body. The post-harvest to deciduous period is the peak of photosynthesis in the leaves and the peak of grape root growth.
Operation points
â— Bao Ye control slightly: after harvest, the fruit should be reduced as much as possible or not used to fight the old leaves, and once every 10 to 15 days, the phosphorus and potassium source reservoir is sprayed 500 to 800 times and sprayed twice. And by controlling the growth of the plants by taking care of their hearts and removing minors to reduce the ineffective consumption of nutrients.
â— Rilled loose soil: After harvesting fruit, we should timely cultivating and weeding, and carry out moderate deep turning. This is beneficial to loose soil, air permeability, and water and fertilizer conservation in order to promote new root growth.
â— Fertilizer and water management: After harvesting the fruit, the fertilizer can be harvested. Generally, it is appropriate to use the liquid for furrows. Apply 0.15 to 0.20 kg of compound fertilizer to each plant, and apply 200 to 300 times of sea elf bio-stimulant. During the high temperature and dry period in autumn, the vineyard should timely feed the horse water before 7 o'clock in the morning, remembering that it is not possible to irrigate in the high temperature period from 10am to 6pm.
Dormant period
Grapes are called dormant periods after falling from autumn or early winter to the second year after the sap begins to flow.
Operation points
â— Shi Jifei: Generally, 2000-3000kg of farmyard manure per acre, 100-150kg of cake fertilizer, and 100kg of superphosphate are mixed and applied after the application. For boron-deprived orchards, 0.1 kg of borax can be applied per mu with basal fertilizer.
â— Keep warm and cold: Protect the cold by pouring frozen water, keeping the earth cool, and applying phosphorus and potassium source pools.
â— Clear Garden: Reduce pathogens, reduce the base number of pests, lay the foundation for the prevention and control of pests and diseases the next year, and reduce stress. Specific reference: Grape Clear Garden, this is the only science!
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