Gosling plague, also known as goose parvovirus infection, is an acute septic communicable disease of goslings. It is characterized by mental morbidity, loss of appetite, severe diarrhea, sometimes neurological symptoms, and high mortality. Gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections, and can be transmitted vertically through the eggs. At present, the disease is distributed worldwide, and it often causes a large number of goslings to die, which has a great impact on the development of the geese industry. Muscovy ducks can also infect gosling plague virus and have similar clinical manifestations. Therefore, it is imperative to do a good job of prevention and control of gosling plover. This article mainly introduces the disease from the aspects of diagnosis and prevention technology, so as to provide reference for production practice.
First, diagnostic technology
1. Epidemiological diagnosis. The disease mainly occurs in goslings less than 20 days of age. Morbidity and mortality rates can reach 90% to 100%. The smaller the age of onset, the higher the mortality rate. In recent years, the incidence of geese more than one month old has increased. Goose, sick geese, and geese that have become infected are the main source of infection. Goslings are popular in all parts of the country. The prevalence season in East China is from December to July, and from northeast to northwest from April to July. In the southwest, it is from November to June.
2. Diagnosis of clinical symptoms. Goslings begin to develop from 3 to 5 days of age, and gosling infections within 7 days of age are often the most acute and often die without symptoms. Goslings less than 15 days of age are generally acute, sick goose spirits are wilt, shrink loose hair, walking difficulties, out of the group alone, doze off, then loss of appetite, like drinking water, severe diarrhea, gray or pale yellowish green Diluted manure mixed with air bubbles, nostril outflow serous secretions, shaking his head, mouth thrown with liquid, breathing force, darkening of the end of the color, there are a lot of gas or liquid in the hernia sac; some diseases appear before the death of neurological symptoms , Neck reversal, systemic convulsions, paralysis of both legs, failure within 1 to 2 days of death. The goslings over 15 days old showed subacute, with mental weakness, Weight Loss , and diarrhea as the main symptoms. They had little food and long duration, and some were self-healing but had poor growth. The longer the general sick bird ages, the longer the disease course, the lighter the symptoms, and the lower the mortality rate.
3. Diagnosis of pathological changes. Visible intestinal vascular engorgement, mucus increased duodenum, mucosa was orange, thick and thick in the intestine in the small intestine, thinning of the intestine wall, there are easily peeling coagulation emboli. The rectal mucosa slightly bleeds, containing yellowish white dilute feces. The liver is swollen with a brownish yellow color and the gallbladder is obviously enlarged and filled with blue-green bile. The color of the pancreas became darker and a small white spot appeared on the pancreas of some gooses. The heart muscle fades. The spleen is congested. The kidneys are swollen. The texture of the bursal sac is hard, with cellulosic exudates inside. After necropsy with neurological symptoms, submental vascular congestion can be seen. Some lesions were not typical, and only mucosal hyperemia or hemorrhage was seen. Intestinal contents were mixed with grayish white cellulose floc.
4. Laboratory diagnosis. Diagnosis requires virus isolation or serological tests, such as agar diffusion test, polymerase chain reaction can make a more accurate diagnosis.
5. Differential diagnosis. 1 Differences between Goose Paramyxovirus Disease (Goose Newcastle Disease): All breeds of Newcastle disease goose and all age-old geese can occur, and there is bleeding in the lungs; goslings mainly occur in goslings within 1 month of age. The difference between viral enteritis and viral enteritis: Viral enteritis occurs 6 to 30 days after incubating, and occurs frequently in 8 to 15 days. The incidence rate and transmission speed are slow. Only about 10% of the affected children have obvious symptoms within 24 hours of onset. Clinical symptoms; goslings occurred in the 4 to 6 days after hatching, the fifth day is the most vulnerable to disease, and the incidence of rapid, rapid transmission, the incidence of 12 hours, about 50% of the chicks have obvious clinical symptoms.
Second, comprehensive prevention and control technology
1. Conventional control measures
The geese were immunized with gosling duck embryo attenuated vaccine 1 month before the start of breeding. The reference immunization procedure is: 15 to 20 days before laying eggs, 2 heads/branch, intramuscular injection, 1st boost of immunization mid-laying egg production, 2 to 4 heads/branch, enabling the goslings to obtain certain specific resistance after birth Force (natural passive immunity). Direct inoculation of 1-day-old goslings also has a certain effect. Goslings 2 to 5 days old with gosling hyperimmune serum (or anti-goose yolk yolk antibody) prophylactic injection, each subcutaneous injection of 0.5 ml, to prevent the occurrence of virulent infections, this method has a higher protection rate, However, it must be kept strictly isolated 7 days after the injection.
The incubator equipment, all utensils, and interior and ground surfaces in Weifang should be regularly sterilized. Weifang, which is a popular area for gosling plagues, should be disinfected. Immune geese and non-immunized geese should be hatched separately to avoid different levels of maternal antibodies in hatched goslings and thus affect the immune effect of the goslings. The hatching eggs should be rinsed with chemicals and formalin fumigation to prevent the virus from spreading through the eggs. Eggs from different regions must not be mixed.
During the brooding goslings should pay attention to insulation, humidity, ventilation, try not to go water or less water. Gaggles should be kept in small groups for easy management and control of the disease. Goslings in different areas must not be mixed. If they are to be mixed, they should be kept in isolation for more than 20 days. When it is confirmed that no goslings have occurred, they can be grouped with other goslings.
It is forbidden to introduce (including seedlings and eggs) from the epidemic area and control the disease at the source. Normal introduction should be done in isolation and quarantine work, and serological inspections should be done for the introduced breeding geese to eliminate positive individuals; unqualified breeding goose farms should also observe the introduction of the breeding geese for 5 to 7 days. When introduced, it is also possible to start the shipment once every 1 milliliter of gosling flesh vaccine is injected in each local bird, but it is best to insist on self-cultivation.
2. Emergency prevention measures
After the gosling was diagnosed, goslings without symptoms should be immediately isolated from the breeding site and placed on a clean and contaminated site. Each animal should be injected with 0.5-0.8 ml of high-titer goose plague serum subcutaneously. The sick goose was given an emergency injection of gosling sera, goslings (within 10 days or less than 150 grams in weight) 0.8 to 1 ml subcutaneously injected into the chest, and geese (10 days or more or 150 grams or more) injected with 1 to 1.5 ml. A goose and a needle should be used for injection. At the same time, the staff must pay attention to changing shoes when entering and leaving each group to avoid cross infection. You can also invest in poultry antiviral drugs in feed or drinking water. Try Viral, 1 or 2 times a day, 1 tablet at a time, sometimes with certain efficacy. To prevent bacterial infections, each gosling can be intramuscularly injected with 1000 to 2000 units of gentamicin, once in the morning and at night, for 2 to 3 days. Can also be combined with Western medicine treatment, take Banlangen 30 grams, Daqingye 20 to 30 grams, 70 grams of mung bean, licorice 30 grams Jianshui, available for 100 goslings drinking, 1 day, even for 3 days, or per kilogram 1.5 to 2 grams of virus spirit was added to the feed, and each tablet was injected with radix isatidis 0.8-1 ml every day for 2-5 days. At the same time can add electrolytes, multi-dimensional, etc., to help the geese to enhance physical fitness and restore physical fitness.
The emergency disinfection in the whole place uses disinfection drugs that can kill the virus to thoroughly disinfect and clean the utensils, equipment, goslings, roads and other buildings that the goose may contact, and to eliminate or isolate the flies as far as possible. Gosling goslings can not be thrown, apply fire or buried.
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