In the winter, it is the season in which agricultural vehicles, tractors and other motor vehicles are most prone to accidents. The main ones are: freezing (blasting) cracked bodies and cylinder heads. To reduce the risk of freezing (blasting) cracks, the following 10 “tricks†should be learned:
1. After the car is collected every day in winter, the cooling water in the engine body should be netted. If the locomotive has a high temperature after heavy-duty operation, the water temperature should be lowered to 60°C before opening the drain valve to prevent the machine parts from being hot and cold and cracking.
2. When the temperature in winter is low and the diesel engine is not easy to start, do not use the wrong method of starting waterlessly or adding cooling water after starting it. Because the local temperature of the cylinder head can reach 800°C or more after the locomotive is started, if the cold water is immediately encountered, cracks may be generated due to excessive temperature difference. For this purpose, the water tank should be heated to allow the body to warm up and the engine can be easily started.
3. After the locomotive has been used for a long time, a thick layer of scale will be formed on the inner wall of the cooling waterway of the cylinder head, thereby greatly reducing the cooling efficiency of the engine cooling system and causing the cylinder head to crack due to uneven local heat dissipation. For this reason, the scale of the cooling system must be regularly removed.
4, water tank leaking, water pipe joints are not tightened, water pump seals or cylinder sleeve water stop failure, will lead to engine water shortage operation, cylinder head due to excessive temperature rise and burst. Check the water level at any time and add it in time.
5, Locomotive overload operation for a long time, poor cooling system cooling, fuel supply time is too late, will cause the engine to overheat, and lead to cracks in the cylinder head. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden to overload the locomotive for a long time.
6, when the engine tank open pot, suddenly add cold water, the cylinder head due to rapid thermal shock and cracks. The correct method is: stop the engine first, let the engine run for a while, and then add cold water after the standby temperature drops.
7. After a long period of use, the cylinder head will gradually warp and deform, which will cause the cylinder to clog out of the cylinder pad, resulting in high temperature gas in the cylinder and causing a high temperature in the cylinder head to cause cracks. For this reason, the cylinder head plane must be ground in time.
8. All motorcycles operating in winter must have insulation and insulation curtains.
9. When the engine is working, the temperature should be kept at 70°C; the engine is prohibited to run for a long time; the short-term stop water temperature should not be lower than 40°C.
10. If the fan of an air-cooled engine fails or if the body heat sink is blocked by sludge dirt, the engine temperature will rise rapidly. At this point, the cause should be ascertained and the work can continue until the fault is rectified.
Blood System:
Blood system is also called circulatory system.
For the treatment of diseases of the circulatory system:
According to the American Heart Association, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Because of its vastness and critical nature, it is one of the systems of the body most prone to disease.
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One of the most common diseases of the circulatory system is arteriosclerosis, in which the fatty deposits in the arteries causes the walls to stiffen and thicken the walls. According to the Mayo Clinic, the causes are a buildup of fat, cholesterol and other material in the artery walls. This can restrict blood flow or in severe cases stop it all together, resulting in a heart attack or stroke.
Stroke involves blockage of the blood vessels to the brain and is another major condition of the circulatory system, according to Mitchell Weinberg of the North Shore-LIJ Health System. [Risk factors include smoking, diabetes and high cholesterol," he noted.
Another circulatory disease, hypertension - commonly called high blood pressure - causes the heart to work harder and can lead to such complications as a heart attack, a stroke, or kidney failure, the NLM noted.
An aortic aneurysm occurs when the aorta is damaged and starts to bulge or eventually tear, which can cause severe internal bleeding. This weakness can be present at birth or the result of atherosclerosis, obesity, high blood pressure or a combination of these conditions, according to Weinberg.
Peripheral arterial disease (also known as PAD) typically involves areas of narrowing or blockage within an artery, according to Jay Radhakrishnan, an interventional radiologist in Houston, Texas. In addition, chronic venous insufficiency (also known as CVI) involves areas reflux (or backward flow) within the superficial veins of the lower extremities.
PAD is diagnosed with noninvasive testing including ultrasound, CT scan, and/or MRI. Ultrasound is the least expensive of these methods, but also gives the least amount of detail, as CT and MRI show a much higher degree of anatomic detail when identifying areas of narrowing/blockage within an artery. CVI is diagnosed with ultrasound as the venous reflux can be measured accurately by ultrasound, which ultimately guides treatment.
Blood System
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