Gene therapy is expected to help blind people recover their vision
March 19, 2019 Source: Xinhua News Agency
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)]; Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 18th, US researchers recently published a report on the website of Nature Newsletter that they have developed a gene therapy that successfully converts the opsin gene into the ganglion cells of the retina through a viral vector. The visual acuity of an experimental mouse blinded by retinal degeneration.
The retina has two photoreceptors, one is a cone cell and the other is a rod cell. The surface of the photoreceptor cells is distributed with opsin, the opsin in the rod cells is rhodopsin, and the opsin in the cone is cone protein. Retinal degeneration is usually accompanied by photoreceptor cell death, but other cell layers, including ganglion cells, remain healthy for decades after complete blindness.
The ophthalmology community previously believed that opsins could not function outside of rods and cones without transplanting the entire photoreceptor signaling system, and researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, believe that all retinal cells are affected. Body, opsin is automatically linked to the signaling system of retinal ganglion cells.
The researchers implanted a gene that recognizes green light, the medium-wave sensitive cone protein, in the inactivated adeno-associated virus. This virus can be injected directly into the vitreous of the eye. Viruses carry genes into ganglion cells that are usually insensitive to light, making them sensitive to light and sending signals to the brain to produce vision.
The researchers initially tried rhodopsin, but rhodopsin was too slow to recognize images and objects. Then they tried a faster-resolving medium-wave sensitive cone protein that recognized the green light. The blind mouse implanted with this protein gene successfully passed the human visual standard test. They can easily bypass obstacles like a mouse without vision problems and resolve motion and brightness over a range of thousands of times on a tablet.
The researchers said that this kind of therapy to pass genes through inactivated viruses can conduct clinical trials in people who have been blinded by retinal degeneration within 3 years. The ideal situation is to get them back to sight with enough vision and the ability to resume reading or watching videos.
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