Cornoma smut occurs every year in Xinji, and is an important disease in corn production. In recent years, the occurrence of smut has gradually increased, which has a great impact on production. The pathogens infect the young parts of the stems, ears, tassels and leaves of the plants. The black aneurysms formed consume large amounts of plant nutrients or cause the plants to become unsturdy, resulting in serious losses.
Disease symptoms:
Diseases can occur at all stages of the corn growth period, and the bacteria can infect all the aboveground tissues of the plant. Infested sites produce tumors of various shapes and sizes. The enlarged nodule tissue is white at first, grayish white, white inside, and succulent. With the rapid growth of nodules, the outside gradually darkens, sometimes with purple, hard texture, and the interior is full of a lot of black powder. When the film on the outside of the nodule ruptures, a large amount of brown powder is emitted.
Control points:
1. Planting disease-resistant varieties is the fundamental measure for preventing and controlling smut, and it is also the most cost-effective method of prevention and control. In addition, the variety rotation can also play a preventive and control role in the production of the same land as much as possible to avoid planting the same species.
2. If it is not a coated seed, 50% carbendazim WP must be used for seed dressing before sowing, and also can be used for seed dressing with Sulco, Rickettsia and other agents.
3, according to local conditions, a reasonable rotation. Rotation with non-host crops such as soybeans and peanuts can reduce the sources of infestation.
4. Field management: Strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, pay attention to the application of N, P and K to avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. Irrigation should be timely, especially before and after tasseling, to ensure water supply. Timely control of corn borer and other pests, reduce wounds to avoid infection. Reducing pathogens, timely removal and deep burying before the tumor matures and ruptures; after field harvesting, corn plants are cleared of diseased bodies and the stalks of the diseased stalks are buried deep; in the autumn, the soil is deeply rotted, which promotes the rot of the diseased bodies and reduces the initial infection source. .
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