Rainbow trout is a cold-water fish, which has been imported from abroad for many years in the northern regions of China and has achieved quite successful experience. Sanming City introduced rainbow trout with cold springs in the 1990s to achieve success. In addition to cold springs in our city, there are numerous high-quality cold water resources such as mountain streams, spring water, underground well water, and reservoir bottom drainage, which have not yet been developed and utilized. In 2002, I established a scale rainbow trout farm in the suburbs of Guixi Ocean and used the bottom drainage of the power station to test and raise the fish. The test results are now reported as follows:
First, materials and methods
1. Breeding pond for aquaculture There are 5 new cement pools, each with an area of ​​60 square meters, rectangular, 16 meters and 3.8 meters, with an average water depth of 1 meter. The bottom of the pool is inclined and the bottom of the pool is down by 10% to 1.5%. Design, complete drainage channels. The water inlet is 40 cm above the fish pond, which is conducive to aeration and oxygenation.
2. Supporting facilities One inflatable pump is installed, and each cement pool is equipped with an inflatable pipe to increase the dissolved oxygen in the pool. The water intake was 57.6 tons per hour, one feed machine, and some other fishing tools such as feeding equipment and sewage disposal equipment. Each pool is equipped with a sewage pipe, both to adjust the water level and sewage features.
3. Fry Restocking On October 30, 2002, rainbow trout fish species that had been cultivated into 30 g per tail were stocked in 3 culture ponds. The stocking density was 20 fish/m2, and a total of 3500 fish reared. After that, rainbow trout was reared. The growth of fish, after 5 times of division, the density dropped to 10-15/m2.
4. Feeding management
(1) The feed is fed twice a day. The feed used for cockroaches and the rainbow trout feed have a protein content of 41% to 48%. The feeding amount is 1% to 3% of the fish's body weight, which is increased or decreased according to the actual situation on the day. Feeding time is 8 am and 5 pm.
(2) Control of cultured water quality During the cultivation period, water quality, sewage, water change, and oxygenation were used to maintain good water quality. The breeding water temperature should be kept within 20°C as much as possible. The whole breeding water temperature is 11-23°C, the optimum water temperature is 14-18°C, the pH is 6.8-7.0, and the dissolved oxygen is greater than 4 mg/L. And according to the size of the rainbow trout and feeding conditions to determine the amount of water on the day, basically keep the water, daily water change 200% to 300%.
(3) Feeding rainbow trout with strong catching ability. After one month of raising, the size of the trout is different. It must be screened and re-cultured according to the specifications. This will be conducive to rational feeding of rainbow trout and even growth.
(4) Disease prevention and control During the culture period, baits are fed regularly by adding sulfadiazine, fish, etc., and baits and chlorine-containing disinfectants are regularly used to disinfect the pool water. During the breeding period, mainly small echinococcosis and bacterial rotting occurred. The rainbow trout with echinococcosis often presents as a solo swim, often rubbing on the wall of the pool, and sometimes jumping on the surface of the water. Careful observation can be found on the surface of the small melon worm. When the small melon worms are parasitized on the cocoons, the cocoon wire is swollen, mucus is increased, and breathing is rapid. The disease is contagious and has great harm and needs timely prevention and treatment. Prevention: Trichlorfon 0.3 g / cubic meter Quanchiposa, once every half month. Treatment: melon insects 0.1 ~ 0.2 g / cubic meter Quanchiposa, used twice. Rainbow trout with bacterial gills mostly stayed near the water intake, not lively and have poor appetite. During the inspection, it was found that mucus in the jaws increased, dirt attached, blood loss in the silk, and adhesions. After microscopic examination, it was found that the defect was severe or adhered into a stick shape. Prevention: Apply bromochloroheine 0.15 g/m3 to the whole pool every 3 days. Treatment: Oxytetracycline 20 g/m3 medicinal bath.
Second, the test results
1. The growth rate is maintained for 180 days. The maximum weight is 900 grams. The average weight is 500 grams. The average daily weight gain is 2.6 grams.
2. A total of 2,600 rainbow trouts were harvested for a total of 1300 kg.
3. Economic benefits The total income is 52,000 yuan, the expenditure is 31,456 yuan, and the profit is 20,544 yuan. The input-output ratio is 1:1.65.
Third, discuss
1. It is feasible to cultivate rainbow trout with mountain streams in the southern inland mountainous areas, which has great development potential.
2. The breeding of rainbow trout should avoid the entry of muddy water, control the flow speed, maintain high dissolved oxygen, pay attention to disease prevention, and timely divide and raise the stock to ensure the survival rate.
3. Avoid the summer breeding period, adopt large-scale fish species rearing in the late autumn, and catch and market it in the late spring and early summer of the following year.
4. Due to the thinning of the stocking density in the experiment and the drought, the cost of cultivation and the survival rate were affected.
First, materials and methods
1. Breeding pond for aquaculture There are 5 new cement pools, each with an area of ​​60 square meters, rectangular, 16 meters and 3.8 meters, with an average water depth of 1 meter. The bottom of the pool is inclined and the bottom of the pool is down by 10% to 1.5%. Design, complete drainage channels. The water inlet is 40 cm above the fish pond, which is conducive to aeration and oxygenation.
2. Supporting facilities One inflatable pump is installed, and each cement pool is equipped with an inflatable pipe to increase the dissolved oxygen in the pool. The water intake was 57.6 tons per hour, one feed machine, and some other fishing tools such as feeding equipment and sewage disposal equipment. Each pool is equipped with a sewage pipe, both to adjust the water level and sewage features.
3. Fry Restocking On October 30, 2002, rainbow trout fish species that had been cultivated into 30 g per tail were stocked in 3 culture ponds. The stocking density was 20 fish/m2, and a total of 3500 fish reared. After that, rainbow trout was reared. The growth of fish, after 5 times of division, the density dropped to 10-15/m2.
4. Feeding management
(1) The feed is fed twice a day. The feed used for cockroaches and the rainbow trout feed have a protein content of 41% to 48%. The feeding amount is 1% to 3% of the fish's body weight, which is increased or decreased according to the actual situation on the day. Feeding time is 8 am and 5 pm.
(2) Control of cultured water quality During the cultivation period, water quality, sewage, water change, and oxygenation were used to maintain good water quality. The breeding water temperature should be kept within 20°C as much as possible. The whole breeding water temperature is 11-23°C, the optimum water temperature is 14-18°C, the pH is 6.8-7.0, and the dissolved oxygen is greater than 4 mg/L. And according to the size of the rainbow trout and feeding conditions to determine the amount of water on the day, basically keep the water, daily water change 200% to 300%.
(3) Feeding rainbow trout with strong catching ability. After one month of raising, the size of the trout is different. It must be screened and re-cultured according to the specifications. This will be conducive to rational feeding of rainbow trout and even growth.
(4) Disease prevention and control During the culture period, baits are fed regularly by adding sulfadiazine, fish, etc., and baits and chlorine-containing disinfectants are regularly used to disinfect the pool water. During the breeding period, mainly small echinococcosis and bacterial rotting occurred. The rainbow trout with echinococcosis often presents as a solo swim, often rubbing on the wall of the pool, and sometimes jumping on the surface of the water. Careful observation can be found on the surface of the small melon worm. When the small melon worms are parasitized on the cocoons, the cocoon wire is swollen, mucus is increased, and breathing is rapid. The disease is contagious and has great harm and needs timely prevention and treatment. Prevention: Trichlorfon 0.3 g / cubic meter Quanchiposa, once every half month. Treatment: melon insects 0.1 ~ 0.2 g / cubic meter Quanchiposa, used twice. Rainbow trout with bacterial gills mostly stayed near the water intake, not lively and have poor appetite. During the inspection, it was found that mucus in the jaws increased, dirt attached, blood loss in the silk, and adhesions. After microscopic examination, it was found that the defect was severe or adhered into a stick shape. Prevention: Apply bromochloroheine 0.15 g/m3 to the whole pool every 3 days. Treatment: Oxytetracycline 20 g/m3 medicinal bath.
Second, the test results
1. The growth rate is maintained for 180 days. The maximum weight is 900 grams. The average weight is 500 grams. The average daily weight gain is 2.6 grams.
2. A total of 2,600 rainbow trouts were harvested for a total of 1300 kg.
3. Economic benefits The total income is 52,000 yuan, the expenditure is 31,456 yuan, and the profit is 20,544 yuan. The input-output ratio is 1:1.65.
Third, discuss
1. It is feasible to cultivate rainbow trout with mountain streams in the southern inland mountainous areas, which has great development potential.
2. The breeding of rainbow trout should avoid the entry of muddy water, control the flow speed, maintain high dissolved oxygen, pay attention to disease prevention, and timely divide and raise the stock to ensure the survival rate.
3. Avoid the summer breeding period, adopt large-scale fish species rearing in the late autumn, and catch and market it in the late spring and early summer of the following year.
4. Due to the thinning of the stocking density in the experiment and the drought, the cost of cultivation and the survival rate were affected.
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