The dried roots of the leguminous pueraria lobata (Willd.) ohwi are aliased as sweet glycosides, dry puerarin and dried glycosides. Nature is sweet and pungent. It has antipyretic, thirst-quenching, and transparent hair spots. Indications of cold, fever, rash, impatience, gastroenteritis, hypertension embolism. Its flower nature is flat, sweet, has the effect of quenching alcohol and quenching thirst. Some areas also use P.thom SOnii Benth. The main production of Hunan, Henan, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Sichuan and other places.
First, the morphological characteristics of the vine, stem length up to 10 meters, the whole plant was yellow-brown long hair. The roots of the plants are hypertrophic, cylindrical and flourish. The stems are thick and much branched. Three compound leaves, long-handled, broadly ovate leaves, base rounded or oblique, apex acuminate, stipules peltate. Racemes axillary or terminal, floral dense, butterfly-shaped flowers, purple-red, inside and outside the floral tube yellow villous. Fruit bar, 5-10 cm long, seeds ovate, reddish brown, flat, smooth. Flowering from April to August, fruiting from August to October.
Second, the growth habits Kuge adaptability, the wild are mostly distributed in the sunny humid hillside, woodland road, hi warm and humid environment, have a certain ability of cold and drought, the soil requirements are not strict. However, it is better to use fertile, well-drained loam or sandy loam. Seeds are easy to germinate, germinate suitable temperature is about 20 °C, 15-30 °C can germinate, generally broadcast 4 days after germination, storage period of 1-2 years, production cycle 2-3 years.
Third, cultivation techniques
1. Selection of land and site preparation: Choose well-drained plots, plunge 30 centimeters deep before winter, combine plowing 2000-3000 kilograms of farmer manure per acre, and evenly plunge into the earth. Fine and uniform, leveling, made a 1-1.2 meters wide, spare, about 30 cm between the ditch.
2. Breeding methods: Production mainly uses seed propagation and cuttings, but also useful for root propagation and layering. (1) Seed propagation: Before and after the clearing of spring, the seeds are soaked in warm water at 40°C for 1-2 days, and often agitated. After drying water is taken out, the seeds are planted in the middle of the whole planting hole with a depth of 3 cm. The plant spacing is 35. - 40 cm, seeds 4-6 seeds per hole, sowing points, watering, about 10 days emergence. (2) Cuttage breeding When harvesting Pueraria in autumn, we choose to keep strong canes, cut off the head and tail, and cut the cuttings between the selected sections of 25-30 cm. Each cutting has 3-4 sections and it is placed in the shade. Wet sand and leave planting, pay attention to maintain ventilation to prevent rot. Before and after the second year of Ching Ming, a hole was cut in the cocoon, and the rooting agent was used to facilitate the survival before the insertion. The depth of the hole was 30-40 cm, 3-4 roots were inserted per hole, and 1 node was left to reveal the cocoon, which was practical. Watering. For the production of roots, it should be planted with the harvest. In some areas, they are also bred.
3, field management: (1) cultivator weeding: Kudzu grow faster, in early spring before germination in addition to sub-grass, late autumn leaves and then remove the weeds, the growing season does not generally need to weed. (2) Dressing: It can be combined with cultivating and weeding. After returning green, the application of green manure is mainly based on decomposing manure water. The application of 1,000 kilograms per acre can be properly applied with urea. After defoliation, the winter fertilizer is applied to farm manure. The annual growth period can be combined with watering, and a small amount of potash fertilizer can promote root growth. (3) Racking: The kudzu cultivation must be carried out, and a wooden post can be erected every two to three meters between the two rows. The columns are connected by wire, and a bamboo raft or wire is tied between the raft and the raft to facilitate climbing. Seedlings can be introduced when the seedling height is 30 cm. (4) Pruning: During the growth period, stem vine growth should be controlled, and the top buds should be removed to reduce nutrient consumption. The plant shape should be adjusted properly to make full use of sunlight. Kitch and diseased branches should also be cut off in time.
4. Diseases and pests control: There are few diseases of the kudzu, and there are mainly pests and stems that are pests such as cockroaches and chafers during the growth period.蟋蟀 can be sprayed with 80% of dichlorvos EC 2000 times. The beetle uses 90% crystals of trichlorfon 1000 times to spray the leaf surface in May-June, preventing and controlling other pests such as dimethoate and insecticidal fleas.
4. Harvested and processed Kudzu can be excavated in 2-3 years. It can be excavated in the late autumn and early winter or before the spring. When digging, dig out all the roots, remove stems and fibrous roots, scrape off rough skin, cut into small pieces of about 10 cm, slit about 5 cm thick strips, and dry them with a knife or dry with 2% lime. Can be. It is better to use white and powder without mildew.
First, the morphological characteristics of the vine, stem length up to 10 meters, the whole plant was yellow-brown long hair. The roots of the plants are hypertrophic, cylindrical and flourish. The stems are thick and much branched. Three compound leaves, long-handled, broadly ovate leaves, base rounded or oblique, apex acuminate, stipules peltate. Racemes axillary or terminal, floral dense, butterfly-shaped flowers, purple-red, inside and outside the floral tube yellow villous. Fruit bar, 5-10 cm long, seeds ovate, reddish brown, flat, smooth. Flowering from April to August, fruiting from August to October.
Second, the growth habits Kuge adaptability, the wild are mostly distributed in the sunny humid hillside, woodland road, hi warm and humid environment, have a certain ability of cold and drought, the soil requirements are not strict. However, it is better to use fertile, well-drained loam or sandy loam. Seeds are easy to germinate, germinate suitable temperature is about 20 °C, 15-30 °C can germinate, generally broadcast 4 days after germination, storage period of 1-2 years, production cycle 2-3 years.
Third, cultivation techniques
1. Selection of land and site preparation: Choose well-drained plots, plunge 30 centimeters deep before winter, combine plowing 2000-3000 kilograms of farmer manure per acre, and evenly plunge into the earth. Fine and uniform, leveling, made a 1-1.2 meters wide, spare, about 30 cm between the ditch.
2. Breeding methods: Production mainly uses seed propagation and cuttings, but also useful for root propagation and layering. (1) Seed propagation: Before and after the clearing of spring, the seeds are soaked in warm water at 40°C for 1-2 days, and often agitated. After drying water is taken out, the seeds are planted in the middle of the whole planting hole with a depth of 3 cm. The plant spacing is 35. - 40 cm, seeds 4-6 seeds per hole, sowing points, watering, about 10 days emergence. (2) Cuttage breeding When harvesting Pueraria in autumn, we choose to keep strong canes, cut off the head and tail, and cut the cuttings between the selected sections of 25-30 cm. Each cutting has 3-4 sections and it is placed in the shade. Wet sand and leave planting, pay attention to maintain ventilation to prevent rot. Before and after the second year of Ching Ming, a hole was cut in the cocoon, and the rooting agent was used to facilitate the survival before the insertion. The depth of the hole was 30-40 cm, 3-4 roots were inserted per hole, and 1 node was left to reveal the cocoon, which was practical. Watering. For the production of roots, it should be planted with the harvest. In some areas, they are also bred.
3, field management: (1) cultivator weeding: Kudzu grow faster, in early spring before germination in addition to sub-grass, late autumn leaves and then remove the weeds, the growing season does not generally need to weed. (2) Dressing: It can be combined with cultivating and weeding. After returning green, the application of green manure is mainly based on decomposing manure water. The application of 1,000 kilograms per acre can be properly applied with urea. After defoliation, the winter fertilizer is applied to farm manure. The annual growth period can be combined with watering, and a small amount of potash fertilizer can promote root growth. (3) Racking: The kudzu cultivation must be carried out, and a wooden post can be erected every two to three meters between the two rows. The columns are connected by wire, and a bamboo raft or wire is tied between the raft and the raft to facilitate climbing. Seedlings can be introduced when the seedling height is 30 cm. (4) Pruning: During the growth period, stem vine growth should be controlled, and the top buds should be removed to reduce nutrient consumption. The plant shape should be adjusted properly to make full use of sunlight. Kitch and diseased branches should also be cut off in time.
4. Diseases and pests control: There are few diseases of the kudzu, and there are mainly pests and stems that are pests such as cockroaches and chafers during the growth period.蟋蟀 can be sprayed with 80% of dichlorvos EC 2000 times. The beetle uses 90% crystals of trichlorfon 1000 times to spray the leaf surface in May-June, preventing and controlling other pests such as dimethoate and insecticidal fleas.
4. Harvested and processed Kudzu can be excavated in 2-3 years. It can be excavated in the late autumn and early winter or before the spring. When digging, dig out all the roots, remove stems and fibrous roots, scrape off rough skin, cut into small pieces of about 10 cm, slit about 5 cm thick strips, and dry them with a knife or dry with 2% lime. Can be. It is better to use white and powder without mildew.
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