Weibian Township is located in the northwest of Cangheng County, Guizhou Province. It is a typical karst landscape (also known as karst landform) with a maximum altitude of 1,330 meters, a minimum altitude of 950 meters, and an average annual temperature of 14 to 16 degrees Celsius. The climate is warm and fertile. It is particularly suitable. A variety of forest and crop growth and development. Farmers in this township have the habit of planting peach trees, and some have begun to take shape and become the main source of household economic income.
In recent years, peach scabs have occurred in some parts of the township, causing some damage to farmers. The author of the China Agricultural Network combined with forest pest control technology actively guided farmers to prevent and treat the disease, and achieved significant results. The relevant situation is described as follows:
1. Pathogens The disease is also called scab, the pathogen is called the Cladosporium spp. The germs are distributed in the host epidermis with mycelium, and later formed thin-film tissues, on which conidiophores are formed to break through the epidermis. The latent period is 40-70 days on fruits and 25-45 days on branches and leaves. .
2. Onset Symptoms Peach stalks, leaves, shoots, and fruits are affected, and the fruits are more seriously affected. Most of the fruit damage occurred in the shoulder of the fruit, initially producing a dark green round dot, and then gradually expanding into a round dark brown lesion with a diameter of 2 to 3 mm and the lesion surrounding it remained green. The lesions occurred only in the epidermis. When the lesions became severe, the lesions became hard, the epidermis split, and the hand touched the skin with a rough feeling.
The stem is damaged and becomes brown and gradually dry, causing the fruit to fall off early. Leaves suffer damage, and initially there are mostly green irregular lesions between the dorsal and leaf veins that gradually develop to the front and back of the diseased part, turning into dark brown or purple red and falling off. The victim of the branch shoots, initially an oval-shaped light brown surface lesion with a diameter of 3 to 6 mm, gradually develops into a bulge and turns dark brown or purple.
3. The onset of pathogenic bacteria in the branches of the disease in the winter tissue, the second year the spring bacteria produced conidia, through wind and rain damage. Through observation, the disease occurs more severely in the spring, early summer wet and humid season and fruit ripening period. In addition, the management of extensive, poor drainage, planting dense, pruning irrational Taoyuan incidence is heavier.
4. Control methods
Clear the garden thoroughly. During pruning in winter, the diseased branches, dead branches, fallen fruits, and fallen leaves on the trees and on the ground are completely removed, and burned or buried deeply to reduce the source of infection. During the growing season, the diseased fruit, diseased leaves, and diseased shoots on the tree are cleared timely to isolate pathogenic tissues.
2 strengthen the cultivation and management. Prune in time to maintain a reasonable density, so that the air ventilation between the forest is good; in Taoyuan built drainage facilities, drainage ditch, to avoid water accumulation in the garden; reasonable increase in organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, improve the tree disease resistance.
3 chemical control. First, 10 days before the germination of the peach tree, use 5 Baumite degree lime sulfur or 45% lime sulfur crystal 30 times spray to destroy the source of overwintering bacteria. The second is from 15 days after peaches fall, with 50% benomyl WP 1400 ~ 1600 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 1000 times, 40% fluorosilazole (Fuxing) EC 800 1000 times liquid, 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 600 times liquid and other agents alternating spray, spray once every 15 days, spray a total of 3 to 4 times. The third is about 30 days after the flower is sprayed, the whole garden is sprayed with a bactericidal agent for one time, and fruit bagging is carried out immediately, and the control effect is good. Recommended reading: Identification and prevention of pear hibiscus
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