During the cultivation of greenhouse tomatoes, due to climate or management reasons, a lot of fruit showed abnormal shape. Such as pointed-type, multi-angle, tumor-increasing, half-topped, multi-ventricle fruit, empty fruit, as well as cracked fruit, seed exposed fruit and other kinds of deformed fruit, so that the value of the decline in the value of tomatoes, directly affecting the economic benefits of vegetable farmers, Therefore, based on their own years of experience, the analysis is summarized as follows:
First, the formation of reasons:
1 Low temperature and drought. When flower buds differentiate, they encounter night temperatures of 5 to 6°C or 3 to 4°C and produce teratogenic fruits. Production of winter and spring tomatoes 1 to 2 ear fruit easy to deformity. Low temperature or long duration of drought, long seedling length, cork formation of flower organs, immediate conditions suitable late, cork tissue can not adapt to the growth of normal tissue, the formation of cracked fruit, seed exposed fruit or pod;
2 partial nitrogen fertilizer. Too much nitrogen fertilizer resulted in over-differentiation of tomato flower buds, increased number of ventricles, and multiple ventricular malformations.
3 flower problems. The first flower will bloom, or the flower will not bloom when the flower is not fully developed. It is easy to produce empty fruit.
4 inappropriate use of hormones. In order to prevent tomatoes from falling, the 2,4-D or tomato pods are often used, but the concentration of tomatoes is not easy to grasp, and repeated flowering, high temperature during flowering, soil drought, etc. all easily produce tomato malformation. Or the application of plant growth regulators for other reasons on the seedlings has a large concentration or a large number of times, and it is easy to produce teratogenic fruit when it is used for flowering.
Second, control methods:
1 Cultivate strong seedlings. Strengthen seedling management, seedling temperature should be controlled daily temperature 20 ~ 25 °C, night temperature 13 ~ 17 °C, to maintain soil moisture 60-80%, production on 30 days or so seedling age transplant better;
2 Strengthen fertilizer and water. Fertilizer should be applied with formula fertilization. Avoid partial nitrogen fertilizer. At the same time, according to the growing trend of plants, long-term, climate and water demand rules, should not be suddenly dry;
3 timely flowering. The best time for the flowers to be open on the day is to open the flowers. Red ink is added to the drug solution as a marker to avoid repeated flowering, which occurs before 11am. 2,4-D without tomato spirit stability, application of 2,4-D should adopt the method of holding flower buds and flower stalks, it is best to use tomato spirit. In addition, the first fruit of 1 to 3 spikes is prone to malformation, and it is better to dredge off before flowering.
4 Correct application of growth regulators. When the seedlings show a prolonged behavior, they should avoid using measures such as cooling, drought control or growth regulators immediately, and should spray 800 times harvest number 1 or 2 times on the basis of enhanced ventilation and proper control of humidity. The preparation of scented anther liquid should be flexibly formulated according to the temperature: when the temperature is high, the amount of water added is greater, and when the temperature is low, the amount of water added is less, and the instructions for use are strictly followed.
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