Planting the same kind of vegetables in the same plot year after year will cause various problems caused by the increase of pests and diseases, malnutrition, and deterioration of the physical and chemical properties of the soil. According to Guo Zhiqing, associate professor at the College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, it is necessary to manage scientifically and overcome obstacles to vegetable continuity.
The resistance of different varieties of similar vegetables to soil-borne diseases varies widely. The selection of disease-resistant, high-quality and high-yielding vegetable varieties is the prerequisite for improving disease resistance, and it is also the most economical and effective measure for controlling soil-borne diseases.
The rims should be replaced with crops that have caused serious damage to the virus source and infectious diseases. Intercropping and interplanting should be carried out periodically to reduce or eliminate pests and diseases. For example, crops such as cucumbers and tomatoes are mostly caused by Fusarium. The earthworms contained in the onion root system can inhibit the growth of Fusarium. Therefore, crop rotation or intercropping can effectively reduce the incidence of blight.
Grafting and cultivation using high-resistance rootstocks grafted susceptible scion scion, to avoid soil-borne diseases on scion varieties of infection and harm. Such as using Torurub, Totosga as rootstock grafted eggplant, better.
Soil disinfection Soil disinfection is one of the important measures to overcome continuous cropping obstacles in vegetables. The applicable methods include lime disinfection, high temperature disinfection, and drug disinfection. Lime disinfection must remove the residues of the former cesium, applying lime to 50 to 100 kilograms per acre in the ditch. Spread straw, wheat straw, corn stalks and other 1,500 kg of straw. Deeply plunge twice to bury lime and straw in the ground. Normally, the depth is 30 to 40 cm. Compacted after ploughing and covered with a thin membrane to prevent water loss and temperature drop. Water is poured from the film until the soil is sufficiently moist, and no water can accumulate in the field. A variety of chemical agents or biological agents can also be used to disinfect the soil by spraying, watering, soil mixing, fumigation and other methods. Sprinkling and watering methods are suitable for Daejeon, nursery soil, and greenhouses.
Reasonable fertilization with too high N application rate will significantly increase the content of soluble salts in the soil and aggravate pests. It is necessary to determine the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the amount of fertilizer used according to the laws of fertilizer requirements of various vegetables and soil fertility. To re-decompose organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer can not only increase the content of organic matter and trace elements in soil, but also improve soil structure, increase fertilizer retention, water retention, fertilizer supply, ventilation, and temperature control. Continuous cropping causes the partial depletion of trace elements in the soil. Therefore, in addition to the N, P and K compound fertilizers applied during the fertilization process, fertilizers should also be supplemented with trace elements.
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