Spring is a crucial period for breeding. After a long winter, livestock and poultry consume large amounts of energy. During this period, only by strengthening management, reducing the incidence, and increasing the public opinion can lay the foundation for high yield in the livestock industry in summer and autumn. To this end, we specially issued this article to remind farmers to start with enhanced management, do a good job of every detail, and strive to raise the level of aquaculture benefits. ---editor
1, temperature control. The temperature in the spring is variable, and often there is cold air southwards, sometimes encounters strong cold air, and there is also a “cold springâ€, resulting in greater damage. Therefore, the warm work of livestock and poultry in spring must not be relaxed. Pigs still need a greenhouse to keep warm, and cattle and sheep shelters must prevent cold wind from invading. On sunny days, livestock such as cattle, cows, goats, and sheep can be rushed to a warm place for sunbathing, and the body of the cow can be brushed once a day to promote blood circulation and can significantly enhance physical fitness. In early spring, when the free-range households start brooding, good insulation measures should be taken to improve the survival rate of brooding. Generally, fire crickets and hot water pipes should be used for heating. In good conditions, infrared ray brooding can be used. Lambs are most afraid of cold. In early spring, they must control the temperature. When they encounter cold death, they can be placed in warm water at 37°C. The temperature of the water is gradually raised to 45°C, and bathing can be relieved by 20 to 30 minutes.
2, disinfection. After the spring, the livestock and poultry pens should be thoroughly sterilized once, especially in the outbreaks of the epidemic, but they must be cleaned and strictly disinfected. The empty house can use 2% to 3% of sodium hydroxide. The scope of disinfection includes ground, walls, entrances and exits, transportation tools, chutes, etc. It can also be fumigated with formalin, using 30 ml for each cubic meter of space. Maringa 15 grams of potassium permanganate. Air disinfection can use chlorine-containing disinfectants such as net chlorine, strong disinfectant net, rapid elimination net, 84 disinfectant, decontamination, Kaijie, ultra-chlorine, etc., also can use compound iodine disinfectants such as strong iodine, fast-acting iodine , iodine, etc. Local materials, you can use lime spray disinfection, you can also use 15kg fresh grass ash, add water 50kg, boil for 1 hour, filtered to the residue, the filtrate and then added to the amount of raw water spray, if you add 1 ~ 1.5kg salt spit disinfection, The effect is also ideal. When disinfecting, pay attention to increase the temperature of the house, because the higher the temperature, the better the disinfection effect. For each temperature increase of 1°C, the disinfection effect will increase 1 to 2 times.
3, epidemic prevention. The weather in the spring is cold and warm, germs begin to multiply, and it is particularly important to grasp the epidemic prevention. For poultry, vaccines such as Newcastle disease, infectious bursal disease, infectious bronchitis, infectious laryngotracheitis, fowlpox, duck viral hepatitis, duck plague, and gosling plague should be administered in accordance with immunization procedures. Antibiotics and sulfonamides prevent bacterial diseases such as chicken fleas and fowl cholera. Pig farmers must carefully analyze the local epidemic, targeted injections of swine fever, swine erysipelas, swine plague, piglet paratyphoid fever, atrophic rhinitis, parvovirus disease, pseudorabies and other vaccines; in recent years, porcine Japanese encephalitis The epidemic is relatively serious. Vaccination should be conducted in time from April to May. Preparations for mosquito control should be actively prepared after May. Cattle and sheep farmers should pay attention to the prevention of bovine viral diarrhea, bovine lung disease, paratyphoid cattle, brucellosis, pasteurellosis, colibacillosis, infectious pleuropneumonia, sheep infectious stomatitis, sheep epidemic, etc. Epidemics. The focus of rabbit epidemic prevention is rabbit trout, pasteurosis, Clostridium perfringens, E. coli disease, staphylococcal disease, and rabbit paralysis vaccine must be injected once in the spring. Special economic animals such as minks, blue foxes and scorpions should be careful to prevent canine distemper and colibacillosis.
4, promote. After a long winter, the weight of the oxen has decreased significantly. After the weather has warmed up, it is necessary to seize the time to do a good job of rejuvenation. Generally, the cattle are given nutrients two weeks to one month before the spring plowing, and the amount of hay feeding should be appropriately reduced. Every day, 3 to 5 kg of green feed, 0.5 to 1 kg of cake feed, and 1 to 2 feed of melon can be added. Kilograms and bran feed 1 to 2 kg. Donkeys, sheep, rabbits and other livestock also need to do a good job. In the early spring, the production and feeding of germinating feeds, and proper exposure to sunlight, can not only prevent and treat vitamin deficiencies, but also promote long-lived livestock and strengthen the system. Layer chickens can continue to maintain the nutritional level of winter feed until around the beginning of summer. The sika deer started to release its velvet in early April. From May to June, it was an adult pilose antler. It required a lot of nutrients such as protein, vitamins, and minerals. It was necessary to fully meet the nutritional needs of the male deer. It has been proved that the protein content of concentrates in the veterinary period diet is preferably 23%, and adding fishmeal in an 8% ratio can significantly increase the yield. Live animals such as otters, blue foxes, scorpions, etc. should be fed with more feeds for fish meat. It is best to supply more feeds such as liver, blood, and milk in the feed.
5, fill the bar. The Spring Festival is a good season for selling livestock and poultry products. The amount of slaughter is very large. After the Spring Festival, there are more empty columns and it is necessary to seize good opportunities to make up the columns. Large-scale farmers need to implement the "all-in, all-out" system to prevent cross-infection from causing epidemics. Under normal circumstances, the period from May to June is the off-season sales of pigs. Therefore, the pigs' time for restocking should be arranged as late as possible in mid-March to ensure better benefits. In the early spring, it is a good time to raise ducks and geese. Conditional farmers should seize this free space and develop meat ducks, meat and gooses. When spring plowing starts, they can be listed on the market. In late spring and early summer, green feeds thrive, and domestic rabbits must pay attention to time.
6, breeding. Spring is the golden season for estrus and breeding of rabbits. It is necessary to pay close attention to the breeding of rabbits and rabbits. Observe and prepare as early as possible, and strive to achieve timely breeding. If you find that the female rabbit has lost appetite, is uneasy or jumps around, often rubs on the feeding plate or other utensils, sometimes crawls across other female rabbits, and flushes and swells the vulva. When the hand touches the back of the arch and lifts the tail, that is, the performance is in the estrus phase and the breeding can be performed. After the rabbits are mated, the hips of the female rabbits are lifted in a timely manner and gently flapping, which can promote the contraction of the vagina and uterus, which is conducive to improving the fertility rate. If it is well-fed and well-arranged, it can also be planted once in April so that it can catch 2 children before the summer season. March is the breeding season of leeches. It is necessary to do a good job of bringing the pods to work in good time. In the initial stage of breeding, they should be placed once a day. They can be carried out from 9 to 11 o'clock after breakfast. The breeding season will be put on two times a day before breakfast. From 5 to 7 o'clock, the second time from 4 to 6 o'clock in the afternoon. In May, the climate is suitable, and the growth and development of pigs will be accelerated. Sow farmers need to do a good job of breeding.
7, health care. After continuous rain, timely inspection of forage grass, strict removal of moldy deterioration of the grass group, to prevent poisoning caused by the severe dampness of grass hay out of drying, to prevent intestinal obstruction. For cattle, horses, donkeys and other large livestock, in the late March to early April, a stomachic agent can be fed once, you can use salt, artificial salt and other salt and stomachic drugs, you can also use Citrus medlar, gentian , garlic and other tinctures. When grazing ruminants for the first time, it is necessary to pay attention to limit the time, prevent the excessive intake of young grass causing tics, feed a small amount of hay before going to the grazing, and take oral magnesium oxide or magnesium sulfate (30-40 g per head of cattle), which can play well Preventive effect. Spring is the peak season for production. Nursing mothers are prone to milk feeding. Pay attention to calcium-rich feeds to prevent the occurrence of this disease. From April to May, pregnancy horses and donkeys are prone to pregnancy toxemia. The main method of prevention is to feed a variety of feeds and supplement the appropriate amount of salt. In the late pregnancy, it should be weighed once a day. Bovine ketoacidosis, sheep gestational toxemia, gestational toxemia in rabbits, avian gout disease, young animals digestive tract diseases, are the focus of prevention.
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