First, prevention and control of the initial occurrence of pests and diseases
Diseases and insects are divided into three periods: initial hair, full hair, and last hair. The scope of its hazards is a bit of life and a large area. Diseases should be controlled before the initial stage or epidemic center has spread and prevalence. Insect pests should be controlled before the occurrence of the minimum and no heavy feeding has begun. The pests were controlled at the initial stage and spotting stage.
Second, the pest's life activity in the weakest period
Pests should be controlled before the third instar, when the body is small, body wall is thin, small amount of leaves, activities are more concentrated, low drug resistance, drug killing effect. Such as the control of scale insects, can be controlled before the larvae secrete wax. Pyricularia oryzae that infested in bud scales spreads with the opening of the scales for initial infection. Peach bacterial perforating bacteria that attacked at the diseased branches of the ulcers sprouted at the beginning of the buds for the initial invasion of the beam. The initial stage of infestation is the best control. period.
Third, pests hidden before the prevention and treatment
Pests are sprayed on the surfaces of stems, leaves and flowers of fruit branches and are easily exposed to death. Prevention and control of leaf roller moths should be preceded by insect pests; prevention and control of heartworms should be preceded by pods: control of pupa dry pests, and the best prevention and control period should be before or during the drying. However, P. citrinopileatus was used in the early stage of adult emergence and its effect was particularly significant.
Fourth, fruit tree resistance to a strong period of prevention
Fruit trees are most likely to produce phytotoxicity during the bud and flowering stages, and they should not be given as little or as little as possible. During the period of growth arrest and dormancy prevention, especially during the wintering period of diseases and insects, the potential sites are more concentrated and the insect ages are the same, which is conducive to the central elimination.
Fifth, to avoid the natural enemy peak period
The parasitoids of parasitoids are the weakest of their resistance to insects, and they try to avoid the spraying of parasitoids at the peak of their emergence.
Sixth, control within the critical line
The fruit tree pests and diseases are within the critical line, that is, the apple tree fruit is 2% - 3% of the small apple fruitworm; the leafhopper caterpillars, the leaves of fruit trees are eaten
At 25%, apple aphids are the most economical and efficient when they have 8-10 populations per 100 shoots.
Seven, according to the phenological period
The phenological period of growth and development of fruit trees is closely related to the damage of pests. For example, when the pear buds expand green, they are the buds of the pear larvae of P. sinensis and P. grandiflorum overwintering larvae; the blooming stage of P. davidianus is the overwintering stage of adult females of P. davidiana; At the time of germination, the egg hatching hazards of P. fragrans larvae occur; when the new shoots of P. ellipsoidis grow 7-10 leaves, P. erinaceus adults begin to emerge and produce oviposition hazards.
Eight, choose the weather and time control
When pests and diseases of fruit trees are controlled, they should be sprayed after 4 pm on sunny days and in the evening. The leaves have strong water absorption and good control effect.
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