Apple Calcium Deficiency Symptoms and Calcium Supplementation Technology

In the orchard fertilization, due to the influence of traditional habits, people only pay attention to the input of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, but calcium supplements are insufficient. Physiological diseases caused by calcium deficiency increase year by year, resulting in large areas such as apple bitter spot. The farmers have caused a lot of economic losses. Calcium Deficiency Symptoms Calcium is an essential nutrient for apples. Severe calcium deficiency can cause fruit tree growth point necrosis. Calcium deficiency symptoms first appear in the newborn tissue: 1, root symptoms. The formation of multi-branched short and thick root groups, that is, "broom root", is severe when the root tip is dead. 2, the symptoms of foliage. Results The tree shoots stopped growing prematurely, the young leaves curled, the edges of the leaves were yellow, and the veins in the leaves had necrotic spots. 3, fruit symptoms. It begins to appear when the fruit is nearly mature, and as the time delays, the condition further expands and spreads, small brown necrotic spots appear on the surface of the fruit, the flesh shrinks into a spongy shape, the fruit heart is in a watery condition, forms bitter pit, and the woody spot disease and Water heart disease, especially bagging apples, causes more serious physiological diseases caused by calcium deficiency. Calcium supplementation technology should be adapted to local conditions, in the process of apple growth, targeted implementation of comprehensive calcium supplement technology measures. 1. To adjust the pH of the orchard soil, which is generally acidic in the soil, the calcium content is insufficient, and the orchard soil pH must be adjusted to a suitable range. The reason for the acidity of the orchard soil is mainly due to unreasonable fertilization, such as the application of physiological acid fertilizers such as potassium sulfate and potassium chloride, and then some long-term use of calcium superphosphate in the orchard itself contains a large amount of free acid, which will make the soil acidic Year by year. To solve the soil acidity methods are: 1 replacement of fertilizers: nitrogen fertilizer to urea-based, phosphate fertilizer to calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer using potassium sulfate; 2 calcium generally applied per acre of calcium carbonate 60-70 kg, with a good effect of improving soil acidity This directly increases the exchangeable calcium content of the soil. The pH value of the soil can be adjusted to 6.5-7.5 after 2 years of continuous application. 3 Control of nitrogen fertilizer: Excessive nitrogen fertilizer will affect calcium absorption. 2, increase organic fertilizer application of organic fertilizer is to increase soil organic matter content, enhance soil calcium retention. Organic fertilizers are generally neutral alkalis, contain large amounts of trace elements, and can ensure the absorption of roots. 3, foliar spray fertilizer, the whole period of calcium supplement young fruit is the apple's most vigorous period of absorption of calcium. Due to the poor mobility of calcium, calcium supplementation must be implemented. The time should start two weeks after the apple is dropped. Foliar 350 times liquid amino acid calcium or 800 times liquid amino acid calcium treasure liquid fertilizer. Spray once every 12-14 days. , spray 2-3 times. For the bagged apple, spray the leaf calcium fertilizer twice more before the bagging to ensure sufficient calcium nutrition in the young fruit period; 40-50 days before fruit harvest, spray again.

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