At present, the technical measures for the control of citrus skins in production mainly include regulating the supply of fertilizers and water, sheltering facilities from rains, harvesting crops in a proper period, controlling the storage environment and rational use of hormones.
1, mainly organic fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer
Citrus gardens should be dominated by organic fertilizers, with emphasis on the protection of the roots and the soil environment. With the addition of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, it is imperative that partial application of nitrogen fertilizers such as urea be applied.
In addition to attaching phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to fruit trees, they can also be sprayed with sea elf biostimulants and brassinolides to prevent overgrowth of trees and excessive nitrogen fertilizers.
2, timely dressing, reapply calcium fertilizer
The application rate and application period of topdressing also have a direct relationship with floating skin. The application period is better in July, preferably no later than the beginning of August.
Before the fruit is harvested until the spring shoots are sprouted, the orchard can be applied with lime once, which is favorable for regulating the pH of the soil, enhancing the pliability and hardness of the peel, and reducing the occurrence of floating skin phenomenon.
3, root growth during the key period of growth
Citrus fruit swelling period to maturity, spraying phosphorus and potassium source pool + sea elves biological stimulants, help to enhance tree nutrients, promote peel development, reduce pre-harvest fruit floating.
Sea Elf bio-stimulants include seaweed essence, trace elements in the chelated state, and comprehensive nutrition. Calcium can enhance the cell wall thickness of the peel; boron can help increase the absorption and transport of calcium, which is conducive to enlargement and coloration; the loss of magnesium and zinc also has a certain relationship with the production of floating fruit.
4, strengthen water management
During ripening and coloring of fruit, reducing the humidity of the orchard by reducing irrigation and draining the gutters in the garden can reduce the occurrence of floating skin.
At the same time, measures such as mulching of plastic film, white film of tree canopy and cultivation of greenhouses can all reduce the damage caused by excess rain.
5. Reasonably thinning fruit to ensure proper amount of tree results
If too much fruit is placed in the tree, the skin will be stunted and there will be more floating fruit. To reduce the occurrence of floating skin, fruit thinning should be carried out after the fruit is stable. The degree of fruit thinning is usually determined according to the ratio of leaf to fruit required for the high yield of citrus.
The ratio of leaf to fruit that generally determines citrus yield: sugar orange 20:1, medium-fruit type (gonggan, etc.) 30 to 40:1, large fruit type (Wanju, Maogugan, etc.) 40~50:1, navel orange 60: 1.
6, rational use of gibberellin
It is necessary to spray gibberellin 2/3 after the flower has been applied to protect the fruit, but it is necessary to pay attention to the concentration. The first time, for the first time, every 100ml of gibberellin (920) is diluted with 350-400kg of EC and 250-300kg of water for the second time.
One month before citrus fruit coloration, it was a high incidence of physiological pupa. Pre-harvest 20 to 25 days, spraying gibberellin on the fruit, to prevent the occurrence of floating fruit has a certain effect. However, green patches appear on the skin and do not subside after storage, affecting the appearance of the fruit. So this method is not recommended!
7. Ripe citrus fruit timely harvested
Fruits that are sold or stored for storage should be harvested at about 80% maturity, that is, fruit surface 2/3 turns yellow, so it is appropriate to choose Huang Liuqing and harvest them in batches.
Fruits that are directly sold directly can be harvested after they are cooked and sold as soon as possible after harvest.
In the case of unpredictable winter weather, to minimize the preservation of fresh trees, for the preservation of trees to be preserved in front of the cover film spraying calcium and potassium fertilizer, which will help maintain quality.
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