I. Variety selection
1, winter, spring lettuce
Cold-resistant, adaptable, and late-stemming varieties.
2, summer, autumn lettuce
Heat-resistant, early-maturing varieties.
Second, determine the sowing date
Spring lettuce
Greenhouse nursery time: December to March; open seedlings sowing time: February to March.
2, summer lettuce
Open field cultivation time: April to May; shade net shade cover time: May to July; Live or high-density transplantation.
3, autumn lettuce
Sunshade net shade covering time: July-September; transplanting with seedlings.
4, winter lettuce
The open season nursery time: October to November.
Third, nurture strong seedlings
l. Site preparation
a. Seedbed requirements: Land with high topography and dryness and good drainage performance.
b. Treatment before sowing: Apply 5-10kg of Yefuyuan planting bacteria solution per hectare, decomposed organic fertilizer 1.5-3 tons or compound fertilizer 50kg as base fertilizer.
c. Pre-treatment before site preparation: Before the site preparation, apply deep plowing, leveling and thinning, and cover with a plastic film for seeding.
2, seed processing
Due to the high temperature from May to September, it is difficult to germinate the seeds. Therefore, low-temperature budding is required before sowing, and the seeds are soaked in nutrient water diluted 200-300 times with the microbial nutrition solution of Yifuyuan for 6-7 hours, and then wet gauze is used. The environment monkey that packs at minus 3 or minus 5 degrees is frozen for 24 hours, then placed in a cool place, and it can be sprouted two or three days later.
3, sowing
3.1 Spring lettuce
a. When spring lettuce is sown in greenhouses, first uncover the plastic film on the seedlings, and after pouring enough water, spray 3-5kg of Yifuyuan's microbial nutrient solution per acre, and then mix the seeds in a small amount of fine soil. Seed after uniform. In general, the seedling quantity of the 10? seedbed is 25-30g, and after sowing, it covers 0.3-0.5cm of fine soil and covers the film. In the evening, the net is covered with a shade net. If it is an open field seedling, it is covered with a small shed.
b. Before the lettuce seedlings are unearthed, cover the coverings early and do not need to be ventilated to increase the seedbed temperature. After the seedlings are unearthed, the sunshade nets will be uncovered as soon as possible, and proper ventilation will be conducted to keep the daytime temperature within the range of 12-20 degrees at night. The temperature is in the range of 5-8 degrees. When the seedlings grow to 2-3 straight leaves, the seedlings are once, the seedling distance is 5 cm, and the ventilation and hardening seedlings are increased 5-6 days before transplanting.
3.2 Summer lettuce
a. The best weather for summer lettuce is cloudy. In the middle of April and May, the wet seed coat film is sowed. After the emergence of lettuce, the film is removed. In May and May, the shade net is covered with a small arch or flat shed. Lettuce emergence, or in the lettuce grow to two true leaves time seedlings, grow to 4-5 true leaves when the seedlings once, the seedling distance is 10cm, for the robust growth of lettuce seedlings can be according to the distance of the plant line is 10cm high Density planting.
b. After completion of thinning of seedlings, room seedlings, and transplanting, it is necessary to apply in combination with water the decomposed and diluted waste water, and in the rainy weather, it is necessary to clear the drain. 15 to 15 days before planting, Yifuyuan Microbiological Nutrient Solution Water 3-5kg per acre, and after 25 days of fixed seedling or transplanting, lettuce plants can be harvested and marketed.
3.3 Qiuzun shoots
a. Before the autumn lettuce is sown, the seedbed is drenched with a dilution solution of the microbial nutrient solution of the rich source, and a layer of 3-4 percent of the composted pig manure is poured and covered with thin straw (the black shading net is also covered.) Can), sowing seeds or wet seeds. Before the emergence, the double-layer floating surface covers the soil on the seedbed, and the silver-gray shade net is covered after the emergence.
b. Sooner or later, watering fertilizer is needed to keep the seedbed in a moist state, and weeding and seedlings are also required.
IV. Planting and Management
1, colonization
When lettuce is planted, it is necessary to select a soil with good drainage performance and apply 4,000-5,000 kg of organic fertilizer decomposed per acre. In ploughing land, make a 1.2-1.5m wide sorghum. Lettuce seedlings are watered on the seedbed by dilution of water from the microbial source of the enriched source.
2, spring lettuce
Let's lettuce age 25-30 days, 5 plants when the leaves when the colonization, watering after planting, for the mulching of the film is to apply a full base fertilizer, and cover the film, in the rainy season, we must do a good job of drainage anti-staining. For greenhouses and open field cultivation, one or two should be cultivated in sunny weather, timely watering and fertilizing, keeping the surface wet.
3, autumn lettuce
Lettuce seedling age 25 was selected cloudy or afternoon colonization, colonization of planting distance of 2535cm, timely watering after planting, covering the shade net with a small arch or flat shed. Before and after the lettuce period of the lettuce plant, 3000-4000 kg of decomposed human or animal manure was applied per mu, or 15 kg of urea was applied two or three times.
4, winter lettuce
The overwintering lettuce age was covered with mulching film around the daytime, and the planting distance was 3040cm. After the planting, Yifuyuan microbiological nutrient solution was used to dilute the water. Before wintering, it was necessary to pay attention to the hardening of the seedlings. It was not appropriate to control the growth of the lettuce seedlings. Wang, in the second year to remove weeds in a timely manner, shallow cultivator 1, the use of plastic film and greenhouse cultivation, it is necessary to apply the base fertilizer, pay attention to ventilation management.
V. Harvesting
1. Harvesting of tender plants: The stems can be harvested at any time before they are sufficiently enlarged.
2, lettuce stem harvest: the top of the lettuce leaves, the harvest phase.
3, autumn lettuce: You can delay harvesting, in the sunny hand to go to the long point and buds, or the beginning of the rosette period, spraying every 5-7 days 350-500 reticularis two or three times.
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