Potassium deficiency
Symptom identification: Rice lacks potassium, and the auburn spots and spots begin to appear from the lower leaves, and gradually expand toward the upper leaves. In severe cases, the redness of rice leaves in the field is similar to that of fire. The plant height decreased, the leaf color was dark, heading was uneven, the rate of spike formation was low, the panicle was small, the seed setting rate was poor, and the grain was not full.
Due to different cultivation seasons, varieties, and soil conditions, potassium deficiency can also present the following three symptoms or diseases: The first is the occurrence of potassium deficiency type blight, or “bronze diseaseâ€; the second is potassium deficiency. Type brown spot; the third is potassium deficiency leaf spot.
Control methods: (1) Reasonably apply potassium fertilizer and increase the amount of potassium fertilizer. (2) A reasonable mix of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to increase the proportion of potash. (3) Application of biological potash fertilizer. (4) Strengthen field management, promptly air dry fields, enhance soil permeability, and increase root activity and absorption capacity.
Phosphorus deficiency
Symptom identification: Insufficient supply of phosphorus, increased sugar accumulation in plants, forming more anthocyanins. After the rice seedlings return to green, phosphorus growth is significantly slow. The leaves are thin and upright. The leaves are slightly curled and folded along the midrib when severe. The leaves are dark green and dull. Rice husks are clustered, short and thin, and roots. It is orange-yellow, the diseased plants have no tillers, the maturation is late, the number of grains per plant is small, the seed setting rate is low, the 1000-grain weight is decreased, and the yield is drastically reduced.
Causes: Acidic soil paddy fields are known for lack of phosphorus, mainly because phosphorus is closed by iron oxides, and the amount of phosphoric acid that is closed up can reach 40-70% of total inorganic phosphorus. The effectiveness of this type of iron phosphate is extremely low.
Control methods: (1) According to soil fertility conditions and soil testing results, determine the appropriate amount and type of phosphate fertilizer application.
(2) A reasonable mix of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and additional fertilizer such as silicon fertilizer.
(3) Applying biological agents such as phosphorus activators.
(4) Shallow wet irrigation, timely airing of fields, enhancement of soil oxidation, and increase of phosphorus activity.
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