Precautions for autoclaving
- Clicks: 901 Release time: 2014/8/29
Autoclaving is a rapid and effective method of sterilization. Use a high-pressure steam sterilizer to generate steam by heating. As the vapor pressure increases, the temperature rises. Normally, the pressure is 103.4 kPa (comparably the old 15 psig or 1.05 kg/cm2). Up to 121.3 ° C, maintained for 15 to 30 minutes, can kill all microorganisms including spores. This method is commonly used for the sterilization of moisture- and heat-resistant articles such as general culture media, physiological saline, surgical instruments and dressings.
　　
Precautions for autoclaving:
　　
*, the sterile package should not be too large (less than 50cm × 30cm × 30cm), should not be too tight, there must be a gap between the packages, so that the steam can easily penetrate into the center of the package. Before disinfection, open the vent hole of the tank or box to facilitate steam circulation. Moreover, the steam can be quickly discharged when venting to keep the articles dry. After sterilization, close the vent of the sump or box to maintain the sterility of the item.
　　
Second, cloth items should be placed on metal objects, otherwise the steam will be condensed into water droplets to make the cloth damp. Blocking steam into the center of the package seriously affects the sterilization effect.
　　
Third, check the sterilization effect regularly. The aseptic package and aseptic container sterilized by autoclaving are valid for 1 week. Monitoring of high pressure steam sterilization: There are three methods.
　　
* The species is process monitoring, also known as program monitoring. According to the gauge (pressure gauge, thermometer, chronograph), chart, indicator needle, alarm, etc. installed on the sterilizer, indicate whether the sterilization equipment is working properly or not. This method can quickly indicate the malfunction of the sterilizer, but it is not possible to determine whether the items to be sterilized meet the sterilization requirements. This method is used as a routine monitoring method and should be performed for each sterilization.
　　
The second is chemical indicator monitoring. The use of chemical indicators to change the characteristics of heat discoloration or deformation under certain temperature and action time conditions to determine whether the parameters required for sterilization are met. Commonly used are:
　　
Self-made temperature measuring tube: The crystal of some chemical drugs is sealed in a small glass tube (length 2cm, inner diameter 1-2mm). Commonly used reagents are benzoic acid (melting point 121-123 ° C) and the like. When sterilizing, when the humidity rises to the melting point of the drug, the crystal inside the tube melts. Afterwards, although it cools and then solidifies, its shape can still be distinguished from the unmelted crystal. This method can only indicate the temperature and cannot indicate whether the heat duration is Has reached the standard, so it is a low standard for zui. Mainly used for monitoring the central situation of each item packaging.
　　
3M pressure sterilization indicator tape: This tape is printed with a diagonal white indicating line pattern, which is a special color changing adhesive tape attached to the sterile bag to be sterilized. The adhesive surface can firmly seal the dressing bag, the metal box or the glass article, and after 100 minutes at 121 ° C and 4 minutes at 130 ° C, the tape is 100% discolored (the stripe pattern shows a black diagonal strip). 3M tape can be used to monitor the surface of the package and to monitor the condition of the packaging center. It can also be used instead of pins, clips or straps.
　　
The third is biological indicator monitoring. The heat-resistant non-pathogenic bacterial spores were used as indicator bacteria to determine the effect of heat sterilization. The strain uses Thermobacillus thermophilus, which has strong resistance to heat, and its heat death time is similar to that of the botulinum spore which is strong in the pathogenic microorganism. The biological indicator has a budding suspension, a spore tablet, and a indicator tube mixed with the medium and the medium. Standard test kits should be used for testing. Two biomarkers at the center of each package are placed at five points in the sterilizer chamber, one at the center of the upper and middle layers, and one at the front, middle and back of the lower layer. point. After sterilization, the biological indicator was taken out, inoculated into bromocresol purple glucan protein in water, and cultured in a 55-60 ° C incubator for 48 hours to 7 days, and the final result was observed. If the color does not change after the culture, it is clear and transparent, indicating that the spore has been killed. The sterilization requirements are met. If it turns yellow turbid, it means that the spores are not killed, and the sterilization fails.
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Pain Relief Patch
[Name] Medical Cold Patch
[Package Dimension] 6cm×8cm 4pieces/box
The pain relief patch is composed of three layers, namely, backing lining, middle gel and protective film. It is free from pharmacological, immunological or metabolic ingredients.
[Scope of Application]
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[Indications]
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[How To Use a Patch]
Please follow the Schematic Diagram. One piece, one time.
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[Attention]
Do not apply the patch on the problematic skin, such as wounds, eczema, dermatitis,or in the eyes. People allergic to herbs and the pregnant are advised not to use the medication. If swelling or irritation occurs, please stop using and if any of these effects persist or worsen.notify your doctor or pharmacist promptly. Children using the patch must be supervised by adults.
[Storage Conditions]
Store below 30c in a dry place away from heat and direct sunlight.
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