First, choose good breeds. The selection of improved varieties is an important part of high-yielding cultivation of potatoes.
Second, cut germination. 20 days before sowing, germination started around the beginning of March. When potatoes are cut, they have at least one eye in each piece. 10 ~ 15 / kg is appropriate. After cutting, water soaking seeds shall be sterilized with 1:200 times of small gray dry mix or carbendazim powder. After the seeds are dried, the seedbed germination begins. There are two methods: one is to use sand to germinate at a room temperature above 15°C, one layer of sand and one layer of seed; the other is to dig in the direction of outdoor ventilation and sunrise. Pit germination, pit depth of 25 cm or so, a layer of sand and a kind of block, 3 layers is appropriate, and then cover the film covered with a shed, at night covered straw insulation. The above two methods should be sprinkled with water 1 to 2 times during germination to prevent it from drying out. When the shoots grow to 0.5-1.0 cm in length, sowing begins.
Third, the election site preparation. Look at the land before the next kind of public opinion, if the situation is not good, you can consider the irrigation ditch and attainment, during the period of attainment should be in the next 7 to 10 days before the next species. Potato planting is generally planted in double ditch. When the ditch is opened, large rows of 50 cm and small rows of 40 cm can be used. The expansion of potato stems requires the loosening of fertile soil. Therefore, the land for planting potatoes is best chosen for flat terrain, irrigation conditions, and well-drained, deep plowed, loose sandy loam. After harvesting, we must plough deep into the fields, and then we must do it. The width and height of the earthworm depend on the topography and soil moisture. High-drainage well-developed areas can be used for wide-opening and low-lying terrain, while those with poor drainage are required to be narrow or tall.
Fourth, seed cover film. The vernal equinox to Ching Ming period is the best period. What should be specifically mentioned here is: Virus-free potatoes can be sown early in advance and broadcast before the spring equinox. The spacing between the two can be controlled at 20 cm. Before sowing, spray with 1 : 10000 times of pungent sulfuric acid along the ditch to prevent underground pests. Organic fertilizers can be scattered directly into the trenches or when the soil is settling. Chemical fertilizers can be placed in the trenches or sprinkled between the seed blocks (note that they cannot be in direct contact with the seed blocks). When planting seeds, there are two methods for planting seeds in the trenches. First, the buds face down. The potato roots grown in this method are long and strong, but the potatoes are small but large, but the seedlings are 2 to 3 days late; the other method is The buds face upwards, and the potato roots grown by this method are relatively short. The potatoes are small but many, and the seedlings are 2 to 3 days earlier. After the end of the next species, the earth was taken from both sides of the large row to cover the space of the potato ditch and the small row, and the micro-membrane cover was tightly compacted.
V. Seedling emergence and seedling management. After Qingming, about 20 days after planting, there will be seedlings exposed soil. At this time, the micro-film can be broken and released to prevent the steamed seedlings. When the seedlings grow to 10 cm in height, the membranes around the seedlings should be tightly packed with soil to keep the water pressed. The early stage of potato growth should not be watered. If there is no rain in drought, it can be watered once every 10 days, generally 2 to 3 times of water can be matured, and watering can be stopped 10 days before harvest. Seedlings such as locusts or thrips.
Six, scientific fertilization. During the whole growth period of potatoes, the principles of “pre-attack, conservation, and tail control†should be mastered. When the seedlings are unearthed at 80%, they can be re-applied once quickly and the seedlings can be sprayed on the soil. The transportation conduit is thickened to increase ground fruit vitality, smooth fruit surface, robust fruit type, high quality and high yield. Potatoes prefer to use farmyard fertilizers, and it is advisable to use 4000-5000 kg per 666.7 square meters, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be used in conjunction with appropriate fertilizer application. Potatoes require large amounts of potassium, and the ratio of scientifically reasonable N, P and K fertilization is 1.85:1:2.1. Potatoes like to absorb ammonium nitrogen and absorb more sulfur. According to the experiment, every kilogram of potassium sulfate added can increase production of 100 to 150 kilograms of potatoes.
Seven, pest control. In the late stage of the potato, there were mainly diseases such as late blight, downy mildew, and bacterial wilt. In the early stage of disease, we used the 500-fold solution of formazan Mn-Zn and a new high-fat membrane to control the spleen during dry sunny dew. We found that the entire disease was caused by bacterial wilt. To remove the centralized incineration, but also in the disease and around the application of lime or sterilized with 0.5% formalin solution, and then spraying agricultural streptomycin 2000 times + new high-fat membrane for prevention and control, to prevent the spread of disease hazards.
Plant extracts refer to a class of substances derived from plants that have one or more biological functions. Can be separated by physical and chemical extraction of one or more effective components formed by natural products.
There are many kinds of plant extracts. At present, natural plant extracts mainly include essential oils, saponins, alkaloids, polysaccharides, polyphenols, flavonoids and so on. According to the biological activity, it can be divided into antioxidants: grape seed extract, green tea extract, pine bark extract, etc. Immune modulators: ginseng extract, gynostemma pentaphyllum extract, Ganoderma lucidum extract, etc. Improve cardiovascular function: ginkgo biloba extract, lotus seed heart extract, rhodiola extract, etc. Sedative: valerian extract, hop extract and so on.
According to their own characteristics in the market application of plant extracts can be roughly divided into six categories: coloring, seasoning, medicinal, health, dietary supplements and feed additives. Natural plant pigments refer to pigment components in roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and bark of plants, such as turmeric, sappanwood, indigo, safflower, black bean and green walnut peel. Natural plant pigments are widely used in food, textiles, cosmetics, medicine, leather industry, printing and dyeing and other industries.
Plant extracts are rich in ingredients that can effectively stimulate the senses, such as sweeteners and volatile substances. Natural sweeteners, such as stevia glycoside and grosvenin, are popular new sweeteners. They are not only sweet, but also ideal substitutes for sucrose. Essential oils are concentrated volatile substances that are commonly used in the preparation of fragrances and are widely recognized in plant extracts.
Contained in the plant extracts of saponins, alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids and other ingredients are widely study has many biological activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, improve animal production performance, antivirus, enhance immunity, etc., for human and animal health has the effect of nots allow to ignore, and the development of its pharmacology and health care function has become the main trend of plant extracts.In addition, as a dietary supplement, it is one of the main applications of various plant extracts. Such as oligosaccharides (oligosaccharides, oligosaccharides, oligosaccharides, galactose, etc.) dietary fiber, soybean protein, dietary fiber, wheat albumin, L-arabinose, sugar alcohol (xylitol, malt heavy sugar alcohol, sorbitol, etc.) and other natural plant food additives have been widely used in the food health care market. Many plant functional ingredients with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and bacteriostatic properties are also commonly used as substitute anti-bacterial products. The application of green feed additives in livestock and poultry production has been vigorously developed, such as green tea polyphenols extract, pine bark procyanidins extract and polyanthocyanidins extract.
Due to the changes in lifestyle, working mode and consumption mode, more consumers are pursuing the life concept of "big health". The so-called "big health" refers to a concept of whole-process, comprehensive and total factor care for people's life around the basic necessities of life, life, old age, illness and death. It not only pursues individual physical and physical health, but also pursues mental, spiritual, social, environmental and family health. In the era of "great health", natural plant-based health products are the core and the key material basis.
With increasing attention to the food and drug safety, from natural plant in the development and utilization of the active ingredient is becoming more and more attention, a large number of food safety, have certain curative effect function of plant extracts have been used as raw materials in a variety of ways into functional food nutrition and health food has entered people's lives, and will play a more and more important role.
And more and more new research new discovery, predicts that the plant extract industry chain will have more members to join, there will be more business opportunities. The future domestic plant extract market will stride forward gradually to mature period!
Shaanxi Yingyuan Xingchuang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. is committed to plant extracts, advanced pharmaceutical intermediates, featured apis, and other customized research and development services; Relying on its GMP production base, it has set up a RESEARCH and development center and GMP pilot workshop to accelerate the commercialization process of production and research. The company has accumulated a number of invention patents, and has been declared by more than ten regulatory bodies such as China, FDA of the United States, EDQM of the European Union, India, Japan, South Korea and Australia. Please feel free to contact us.
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