"Making a machine that can think is undoubtedly a huge threat to human beings. When artificial intelligence develops completely, it will be the end of mankind." Hawking once said. Recently, he has published an open letter with a number of professionals in the field of physics and intelligent machinery research, and once again said that in the future of rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, humanity may be endangered.
Today, with the rapid development of computer technology, will the robots in science fiction movies surpass the level of human intelligence and ultimately control the scene of destroying human beings? Physicist Hawking re-sounded in mid-January "Artificial Intelligence Endangers Humanity"; Ray Kurzweil, co-founder of Singularity University and Google's technical director, also said that artificial intelligence would exceed human level in 2045. Will artificial intelligence benefit humanity in the future, or will it destroy humanity?
"When artificial intelligence develops completely, it will be the end of mankind."
Hawking, who has always held artificial intelligence to destroy human views, has recently coordinated with a number of professionals in the field of physics and intelligent machinery research, through the non-profit organization "Future Life Research Institute", issued an open letter, once again said that the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology In the future, it will endanger humanity.
The open letter first affirmed that the current development of artificial intelligence technology has achieved remarkable results, including speech recognition, face recognition, driverless cars, image analysis technology, etc., which have brought great convenience to people's lives, even in In the future, eradicating disease and poverty is no longer out of reach.
However, these experts believe that if artificial intelligence is allowed to develop naturally, it will bring huge impact to society. Everything that human civilization provides is the crystallization of human wisdom, assuming that such wisdom is magnified by the tools provided by artificial intelligence, what will happen at that time is unimaginable.
In order to prevent the uncontrollable development of artificial intelligence, Hawking and the co-signed scientists said in the letter that in view of the enormous potential of artificial intelligence, it is very important to study how to take advantage of its benefits and avoid defects. Artificial intelligence systems must follow The way people set up and the requirements to work.
This is not the first time that Hawking publicly expressed the danger of artificial intelligence. In December 2014, Hawking was explicitly interviewed by the BBC. “Creating a machine that can think is undoubtedly a huge threat to human beings. When artificial intelligence develops completely, it will be the end of mankind."
In this interview, Hawking admits that it has proven to be very effective since the development of the basic form of artificial intelligence, but he is afraid that this invention will catch up with even the wisdom of human beings. "It (artificial intelligence) can develop on its own and reinvent itself at an unprecedented rate, and human beings are constrained by slow biological evolution and cannot compete with it and will eventually be replaced."
Relative to Hawking’s affirmative remarks, Ray Kurzweil, co-founder of Singularity University and Google’s technical director, is relatively neutral. When he attended the Geek Park Innovation Conference held in Beijing on January 17 and 18, he said, "Artificial intelligence can really change the world. This is a double-edged sword."
“I have been working in the field of artificial intelligence for 50 years. Now some new ideas are that in the next 3-5 years, the machine will realize the human mind through dialogue with human beings. After 15 years, it will reach the level of human intelligence and be able to be human. What can be done, software will exponentially grow. We will also continue to integrate with computer technology, they will exceed the human level by 2045, artificial intelligence does affect all aspects of our lives," he said.
Human beings are far less computer-like in the fields of computing, logic, and data communication. Is human creativity and emotion the last line of defense for the development of artificial intelligence? Ray Kuzwell said that this is indeed the last line of defense. "I think artificial intelligence has the ability to grow rockets. In the human near-cerebral cortex, this area is the ability to control language arts and science. Now there is this grading system in computers, they can also have emotions, express Humor, and humor is a very complex ability."
Ray Kuzwell believes that artificial intelligence technology, like other cutting-edge technologies such as biotechnology, will have positive and positive effects, and it will inevitably have some drawbacks. What humans need to do is to formulate specific strategies and lead artificial intelligence technology to be active. Positive direction development. In addition, the development of artificial intelligence technology to a certain stage will indeed make some low-end work disappear, but there will also be many new job opportunities. The reason why human beings have anxiety and worries is because they can't predict what job opportunities will be added, and artificial intelligence technology will redefine work attributes.
"Artificial intelligence also has a devastating side, but we want to protect it. We see some movies, some artificial intelligence (robots) will attack humans, but artificial intelligence is not controlled by one or two people, it is In the hands of one billion people, we have to control artificial intelligence," Ray Kuzwell said.
“Need to be able to help you instead of replacing your artificial intelligenceâ€
So in what is the application of artificial intelligence in our real life?
Ray Kuzwell said that there are now robots that are similar in size to blood cells, which can enter people's immune system and help people fight disease in people's bodies. In the future, you can create a machine similar to the human immune system to help people kill a variety of pathogens and viruses. "And our brain, the brain's ability in the brainstem of the brain is limited, but when connected to these machines, our ability will expand."
In addition, in the field of education, robotic diagnosis has emerged. It can judge students in those areas to understand and what they do not understand. The robot will explain to students what they have not understood, and everyone in the world can get quality education.
Li Zhifei, CEO of “Going out to ask questions,†said the concept of artificial intelligence at the Geek Park Innovation Conference: “The purpose of artificial intelligence is not to turn machines into people, nor to turn people into machines, but to expand human intelligence. And ability to help all people improve their quality of life. Although the concept has been popularized in the past two years, it is still far from reality."
Li Zhifei cited a case in the United States: a color-blind patient who could not see the color. The medical staff puts his brain into the brain by placing an antenna-like device. The patient receives sound through this device, which in turn stimulates the brain and converts it into color. Because of this device, the patient is able to distinguish between different colors. Another case is a blind person wearing an artificial intelligence glasses that recognizes menus and obstacles and then automatically converts them into sounds for the blind to regain some basic visual recognition.
Li Zhifei once asked this color-blind patient, if you can wear another device, you want to expand what you couldn't do before. "He told me that I hope to wear a camera that can see things behind. It is such a simple camera that may help expand the human ability." Li Zhifei said, "So artificial intelligence should have natural interaction capabilities. It It is your assistant, understand your language, you can make some simple conversations with you. In the concept of artificial intelligence I defined, I don’t need any awareness, emotion, or even resistance to destroy me. We don't need people like humans, especially high-dimensional or deeper intelligence, but can help you, not something that replaces you."
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