(A) potted technology household potted yellow mealworms, suitable for the following production of 5 kg per month, generally do not need full-time staff to feed, you can use spare time. Keeping equipment is simple and economical, such as the old washbasin, plastic basin, tin box, wooden box, etc. The container can be used as long as the container is in good condition without leakage, the inner wall is smooth, and the insect cannot climb out. If the inside wall of the box is not smooth, a tape of adhesive tape can be placed to form a smooth belt to prevent the insects from fleeing. In addition, one of 40 mesh and 60 mesh sieves is required. After obtaining insect species, it is necessary to carefully screen and select individual individuals who are large, orderly, strong in life, and bright in color. Feeding capacity is 0.3 to 0.6 kg for normal larvae and larvae. Place feed in the pot, such as wheat bran, corn flour, etc., and put into the larvae at the same time, the feed is about 10 to 20% of the weight of the insects. After 3 to 5 days, the insects will use the insects after eating the feed. A 60-mesh sieve (a screen made of 60 mesh nylon gauze, the inner wall of the sieve is also required to be smooth or a layer of protective layer with tape paper) is screened out and the feed is continued. Appropriate to feed some vegetables and melon skins and other water-containing feed. When the larvae are larvae, they should be picked out and stored separately. Do not eat or move, but make sure that the ambient temperature is appropriate. After 8 to 15 days after the emergence of adult birds, it is necessary to provide an oviposition environment. In other words, the adult eclosion is placed in a spawning pot (or box), a piece of paper (available in the newspaper) is laid on the bottom of the pot or box, and then a layer of fine feed of about 1 cm thick is laid on the paper, which is feathered. Adults were placed on the feed and at 25°C, adult mating began about 6 days after emergence. Tenebrio are social insects, mating and spawning must have a certain population density, that is, a certain number of groups, mating and spawning can be carried out normally. The general density is 1500-3000 heads per square meter of insects. Adult oviposition period should be fed with better concentrate feed, in addition to mixed feed plus multivitamin, plus an appropriate amount of water-containing feed, such as leaves, melons, etc., not only can add moisture to adults, and can maintain a suitable environment Relative humidity. However, the humidity is not too high, and the humidity is too high to cause moldy deterioration of feed and egg pieces. Humidity is too low and can cause ovulation difficulties for females, affecting the amount of ovulation. Therefore, using this method to feed Tenebrio should strictly control the basin humidity, should continue to explore in the breeding process, master the technology to regulate humidity. When the adult lays eggs, the ovipositor is extended below the feed and the eggs are laid on the paper. Since females secrete many mucous at the same time when they lay eggs, the eggs stick to the paper, and at the same time adhere to many feeds, cover the eggs, and many eggs are produced together. This paper is called "egg paper". After 3 to 5 days, the egg paper is full of eggs, and the new egg paper should be replaced. If the egg paper is not taken out in time, the adults will often eat eggs. The egg papers taken out were collected and placed in a pot on the same date until they hatched. The temperature can be about 6 to 9 days at 24 to 34°C. The newly hatched larvae are very soft, so try not to touch them with your hands so as not to injure them. The newly hatched larvae are put together and the larvae are dense and the survival rate is higher. After 15 to 20 days of larvae, the feed in the pot is almost finished and the insect excrement can be screened for the first time. Sieve insect feces with a 60 mesh screen. After every 3 to 5 days, the insect feces is sieved and the feed is fed at the same time. The amount of feed to be fed is 3 to 5 days. The time for feeding the leaves or melons should be the day before the screening of the excrement, the amount of feeding should be enough for the insects to eat at one night, or the insect feces should be sieved before feeding the leaves of the cabbage leaf melons. . After feeding the leaves, the humidity in the larvae is increased, and the feed and eggs are prone to mildew. The next day, the uneaten leaves and melon husks should be singled out as soon as possible. Especially in the summer, the humidity in the basin should be prevented from being too large, so as to avoid moldy feed and death of insects. This feeding, as long as adequate management, adequate feed, per kg of insect species can breed 50 to 100 kilograms of fresh insects. This method is only suitable for small-scale feeding in the family. The cost is high, but the method is simple. (b) The equipment for raising the box and the raising technique for the raising of the box are commonly used breeding methods and are suitable for medium and large-scale farming. Once this aquaculture technology is mastered, the breeding and production of Tenebrio are quite large. The main equipments are insect rearing boxes, collecting boxes and sieves. The commonly used equipment is introduced as follows (its dimensions are for reference only). 1. The inner side of the insect rearing box is smoothed with sandpaper, and is affixed with a wide tape paper for one week to flatten it so as to prevent the insects from fleeing. Edge 1 to 1.5 cm thick wood board, the bottom with a plywood or fiberboard. Need to use several different specifications of the screen, the screen is 100 mesh, 60 mesh, 40 mesh and ordinary iron screens. Sieves are used to screen out infestations and isolate insects at different ages. There should also be a smooth belt inside the screen to prevent insects from fleeing. 2. The collection box consists of a breeding box and an egg sieve. The inside should have a smooth belt and the iron screen at the bottom of the screen. In order to prevent adult eggs from taking eggs and causing losses after laying eggs, breeding adults can be reared on egg screens, and then the eggs can be placed in a box. In the egg sieve, the females can extend the ovipositor to lay eggs under the screen mesh, so that the eggs will not be harmed by adults, and the contamination of the eggs by the feed and insects will also be reduced. (3) The facilities and feeding technology of the farms Tenebrio do not require high requirements for the breeding sites. Indoor breeding should be able to prevent rodents, prevent birds, and prevent gecko, etc., and prevent direct sunlight, keep dark, and be well ventilated. The summer temperature should be able to be controlled below 33°C, and if it is necessary to continue breeding during the winter, the temperature needs to rise above 20°C. Tenebrio had strong cold resistance, and the overwintering insects were generally larvae and were not frozen at −15°C. Therefore, if you do not need to produce in the winter, you can allow the insects to enter the overwintering state without heating. (IV) Prevention and control of pests and diseases Tenebrio rarely get sick under normal feeding and management conditions. However, as the stocking density increases, its prevalence also gradually increases. Excessive humidity, faecal contamination, and feed deterioration can cause larval rot. In other words, the body will be black, the body will gradually soften and darken, and the liquid discharged by the pest will infect other insects. If it is not dealt with in time, it will cause the whole insect to die. The disease is more likely to occur without sterilization or in the rainy season. Tenebrio eggs are also harmed by some carnivorous insects or mites. The main insect pests are carnivorous plague, whitefly, thibetamium, guillotine, sawtooth plunder, wheat moth, grazing moth and various moth-like insects. These pests not only feed Tenebrio eggs, but also bite the larvae and ticks of the molting period and contaminate the feed, which is one of the causes of Tenebrio disease. Pests and diseases should be comprehensively controlled during the breeding process. The first choice of insect species should be individuals with strong viability and no disease. The feed should be free from worms and mildew, and the humidity should not be too large. Before the feed processing, it should be sun dried or disinfected to kill other eggs. Farms and equipment should be regularly sprayed with fungicides and acaricides. Strict control of temperature and humidity, timely cleaning of insect waste and debris. Anti-rats, anti-birds, and anti-gecko animals should also be allowed to enter the farm. If pests or mildew are found in the rearing boxes, they must be dealt with promptly and not allowed to spread.
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