The Qin Baji chicken is mainly produced in the Qinba mountainous area in the south of Shaanxi Province. It is a local fine breed that has been cultivated by farmers for a long time in the Qinba Mountains. It has a large number, wide distribution, good adaptability, strong foraging ability, and strong physique. The characteristics of strong disease resistance, gentle temperament and resistance to extensive feeding and management have certain egg production and meat production performance. Chicken tastes fragrant, pure, fresh meat, and is of good quality. It is suitable for mountain stocking.
First, the venue selection
The farms require leeward, sunny, dry, quiet, and adequate water sources. It is advisable to choose ecologically convenient transportation and woodland away from residential areas. The best choice is to choose a sparse forest canopy, a higher canopy, a shade of 70% or so, good light transmission and ventilation, and a forest with rich weeds and insects. The branches and leaves in the woods are too thick and the shaded woodlands are poor in light transmission and do not utilize the growth of chickens.
Second, housing requirements
1. The brooding bred wall is generally 2.7 meters high. The brooding adopts the online mode of raising. The net surface bunk bamboo splint is 70 centimeters away from the ground. According to the brooding area of ​​20-30 squares, the bricks and blocks are used. Walls are made. Walls are painted around the inside and outside. Tops are built with asbestos tiles or cement tiles. There are fire tunnels, insulation, ventilation facilities, automatic feeders, and automatic drinkers.
2. The rearing of the Qinba chickens in the rearing, rearing and rearing period of the Qinba indigenous chickens adopts a combination of housing and understory stocking. The housing requires wind protection, rain protection, shading, and cold protection. The principles of simplicity and economy apply. In accordance with the rational design of 15-20 per square meter, flat ground, set up a habitat and a sufficient number of drinking fountains, buckets; outside design drains.
3. Other facilities include a diseased chicken isolation room, disinfection room, medicine room, feed room, manure treatment plant, and establishment of isolation zone around the site. The interval between the houses should not be less than 15 meters.
Third, feeding and management
1, brooding feeding management Qinba chicken brooding cycle is 0 to 5 weeks. Chicks should come from units that have the kind of livestock and poultry production and business licenses and industrial and commercial business licenses, and have passed the quarantine inspection at the place of production.
(1) Appliances such as food trays, drums, drinking fountains, heat preservation equipment, cleaning tools, disinfection equipment, veterinary equipment, thermometers, etc. should be cleaned and disinfected for use. The quantity should meet the requirements for feeding.
(2) Two weeks prior to disinfection, the floor, net, wall, ceiling, and utensils of the brooding house should be cleaned, cleaned and disinfected. Disinfection is performed according to the following procedures: removal of feces, high-pressure water washing, drying, disinfection with a disinfectant spray, drying, 20% lime water paintbrush or disinfectant spray disinfection. All equipment and utensils in brooding houses were fumigated with formaldehyde. Fumigation drug dosage: 42ml formalin (40% formaldehyde) and 21g potassium permanganate per cubic meter. Method of fumigation: The house is sealed. Potassium permanganate is put into a sand pot first, then poured into formalin, and the person quits. After the fumigation is sealed for 24 hours, the doors and windows are opened for ventilation.
(3) Prepare a full range of nutritionally balanced chicks for a minimum of 1 week before the feed is prepared for the first day. Before brooding, vitamin C or multivitamins, glucose, antiseptics, commonly used antibiotics, and vaccines are required.
(4) Before the preheating chicks arrive, the brooding house must meet the brooding temperature requirement. Heating methods can be based on local conditions such as wood chip furnaces, charcoal stoves, infrared lamps, heat preservation umbrellas and other equipment. When warming, you must pay attention to the smoke, exhaust gas and other emissions, so as not to endanger the health of chickens and humans.
(5) When a group of chicks enters the house, they should sit still for a while, then count and group. Weak infants should be kept in isolation and focus on nursing in order to increase the survival rate.
(6) Drinking chicks hatched for 24 to 36 hours should be tempted to drink for the first time, also known as “drinkingâ€, and “instant drink†can be supplemented with 5% glucose water plus 0.1% vitamin C, and can be fed manually if necessary. Make sure that all chicks drink water. Drinking fountains need to be cleaned and disinfected more than once a day to ensure that the water quality is fresh, without water cut (except for immunity needs). The drinking fountain is configured with a drinking level of 1 to 3 cm per bird, and the height of the edge of the drinking fountain is adjusted to be the same as the back height of the chicken.
(7) Feeding Generally, after 2 to 4 hours of “drinkingâ€, if more than 80% of chicks have strong appetite for food, they can feed for the first time, also known as “openingâ€. "Open food" can be used non-toxic and sterilized oil paper, plastic cloth or shallow tray discharge, more than the point of eating, so that all chicks can eat enough broodstock feed. A free-feeding diet was conducted, feeding 5-6 times per day and night for 0-2 weeks, and 4 feedings per day and night for 3 weeks. Drums (grooves) are configured to feed 3 to 5 cm per bird, and the height of the edge of the tank (slot) is the same as the back height of the chicken.
(8) Stocking density and temperature and humidity requirements General ground-raising chickens are kept at a density of 40 to 50 per square meter for 0 to 2 weeks, 20 to 30 per square meter for 3 to 4 weeks, and 15 per square meter for more than 5 weeks. ~20 animals, made of wood, bamboo, iron, or plastic materials, grids, grids, mesh, so that the broiler to live off the ground, the level of flat-rate rearing methods can be raised about 10% higher than the ground level. The first week of brooding requires a temperature of 32°C to 34°C, followed by a weekly drop of 2°C to 3°C until 18°C ​​to 23°C. The temperature should be steady. Humidity is 10% to 65% relative humidity within 10 days, 61% to 10 to 20 days, and 55% to 50% after 3 weeks. In the first 0 to 3 days, 23 hours of light (natural light during the day and artificial light at night) is applied. After 4 days, reduce it by 1 hour daily until natural light. The required amount of light for 0 to 2 weeks is 3 watts per square meter (2 meters in lamp height, 3 meters in lamp length, with a lampshade), and the amount of light is changed from 1 to 2 watts per square meter in 3 weeks. The light source uses an ordinary incandescent lamp and keeps the light bulb clean. 0 to 2 weeks can be divided into 10 to 30 minutes of ventilation every day to eliminate exhaust gas and regulate the humidity inside the house. After 3 weeks, it should be strengthened, and the ammonia concentration in the house should be controlled below 2510-6.
2. Breeding and management of the rearing period Qinba chickens are bred for a period of 6 weeks, and the rearing period is mainly based on stocking methods. The transfer time from the brooding house to the bred house is best chosen on sunny mornings, with male and female breeding. The beginning of stocking is generally 35 days in summer, 45 days in spring and autumn, and 50 to 60 days in winter. One-time stocking of 150 animals/mu was carried out to develop rotational grazing in order to prevent overgrazing and vegetation damage. Several days after stocking, the condition of the flock should be intensified. The stocking sites should be selected from high-desert, sheltered, sunny, water-friendly, pollution-free, animal-free Chuk Yuen, tea gardens, orchards, mulberry gardens, and forest gardens. When stocking, they should avoid important production of the “Five Parksâ€. In season, there is a perimeter around the site. During the stocking period, compound feeds, agricultural and sideline products, and ground grains can be fed early and late. Generally, the amount of feed is controlled at 50% to 70% of the housekeeping requirements. About 20 days prior to the listing of stocking chickens, the stocking area was restricted, stocking time was shortened, and supplies were opened.
3. Epidemic prevention and control It is forbidden that people, vehicles, other animals and poultry products enter the chicken production area. Contaminated dunnage, utensils and feeds enter the site. Do a good job of rodent control and mosquito control. The diseased chickens were found to be isolated and treated in time. The dead chickens and their feces were treated as deep-buried and harmless according to the provisions of GB 16548. The chicken house should be regularly spray-disinfected with chickens, usually once a week, and should be suspended within one day before and after the immunization. The spray mist particle diameter is preferably 80 to 120 μm. Spraying is performed from top to bottom and from inside to outside. Chicken disinfection can adjust the temperature of the liquid according to the season. Disinfecting drugs should comply with NY 5035 regulations. The chicken farms have implemented all-in and all-out systems. After each batch of chickens are slaughtered, they must clean, rinse, and sterilize chicken coops, playgrounds, and appliances, and leave them empty for at least one week.
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