Environmental regulation
The growth and development of laying hens are influenced by such factors as temperature, humidity, light, harmful gas, startle, noise, sanitation, disinfection, mosquitoes and flies. The suitable temperature for laying hens is 18°C~25°C, and the egg production rate is the best at 20°C. The adverse effects of high temperature heat stress were pale chicken, anemia, and decreased resistance. The egg production rate decreased by 10% to 20%, and the average egg weight decreased by 5% to 10%. The decrease in eggshell quality was reflected in thin shelled eggs and broken eggs. , soft shell eggs, shell eggs, increased mortality, and the fallopian tube, ovarian damage is irreversible. Therefore, improving heat stress and preventing heat stress are the guarantee of economic benefits for fall hens. The temperature difference between autumn and the night increases, cold air intrusion gradually increases, will cause fluctuations in temperature, this time according to the weather changes, pay attention to night warmth, to avoid cold and respiratory diseases due to cold. Poorly ventilated broilers can cause oxygen deficiency. Because of the high temperature, the large amount of water consumed by the chickens causes the chicken droppings to become very dilute. It is easy to ferment and produce large amounts of harmful gases such as ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide to cause stress, which not only reduces the laying performance of laying hens, but also easily causes chicken respiratory tracts. disease. Among them, ammonia destroys tracheal cilia and the inner wall of the trachea, and viruses and E. coli enter the respiratory system, leading to respiratory diseases.
Feed preparation
The laying rate of hens is not high and the feed has a direct relationship, especially vitamin A, vitamin D, pantothenic acid, niacin, folic acid, and choline biotin in the feed. At higher temperatures, the feed intake of laying hens is generally too small. In general feed formulations, energy can meet their needs, and other ingredients such as Vitamins will be insufficient, especially fat-soluble vitamins. Due to the influence of heat stress, the requirement of vitamins for laying hens was increased, and vitamins in feed were affected by high temperature, and the damage was exacerbated and the content was reduced. In particular, corn, its vitamin content is generally lower than fresh corn, and poor quality corn (such as mildew) are mostly listed in the autumn, adding to the raw material quality of the harm. The above factors caused the deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins required by layer chickens, which seriously affected the laying performance of layer chickens.
Chickens are naturally sensitive to mycotoxins, and the lower toxin levels in the feed will cause the birds to die. Mycotoxins damage the body's immune system and reduce the immune response. The effects on laying hens are mainly manifested in: decreased immunity, poor vaccine immunity; ovarian and fallopian tubes shrink, decreased egg production, misshapen eggs; reduced feed intake, production Decreased performance, reduced feed remuneration, and reduced hatching rate of eggs. Different mycotoxins have different effects on laying hens. Among known mycotoxins, ergot toxins, trichothecenes, rotitoxin and zearalenone are the most harmful and harmful to laying hens. , Aflatoxin, ochratoxin, etc.
Due to the influence of heat stress, the feed intake of chickens is low. In order to ensure that the production of eggs must be based on the feed intake of chickens, the energy level and nutrient concentration in the diet should be appropriately increased, and the diet volume should be reduced to compensate for the nutritional stress caused by heat stress. The amount of reduction.
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