Most cotton farmers have the habit of applying base fertilizer in cotton fields. In the case of chemical fertilizers, the majority of mu is between 30 and 50 kg. Recently, the author has seen in some cotton areas that most of the cotton fields have not been applied base fertilizer, and some are being applied, but the application method is not reasonable. According to past practice, most cotton farmers spread chemical fertilizers on the ground after the land is dumped, and then perform rotary tillage to mix the fertilizer in the soil. The depth of rotation is only 8 to 10 cm (calculated as the depth of the actual soil). Most of the fertilizers are on the surface. In the range of 8 to 10 cm, a small amount remains in the surface layer and fertilizer is lost too much; because this is not a concentrated distribution area of ​​cotton roots.
The requirement for applying base fertilizer to cotton is as deep as possible, because the roots of cotton are deep into the soil, and the soil goes down to the lower layers, containing less available nutrients.
According to the practice of the majority of cotton farmers and Guoxin Field Director, introduce several methods for applying base fertilizer:
In winter and spring, the cotton field was not even soiled, and the fertilizer could be evenly spread on the surface and then ploughed. Spring plowing depth of 18 to 20 centimeters, can turn most of the fertilizer into the soil, and then carry out hoeing. In this way, the fertilizer is applied deep, the storage time is long and the loss is small. In the case of 60-80 cubic meters of irrigation water, the fertilizer will not be lost as the water seeps into the groundwater. The vast majority of nutrients are still stored in 1 m deep soil layers for the absorption and utilization of cotton roots. The advantages of this method are the deep application of fertilizer, uniform application, solid soil, and sufficient storage. However, the amount of soil irrigation is relatively large, and the areas with poor water resources are inconvenient.
Second, the scorpion to make squats, spreading fertilization after the spring plowing. This is suitable for areas where there is a shortage of water resources and watering is inconvenient. Pay attention to the fact that the cultivated land must be cultivated and reliable. Otherwise, the soil is loose and unfavorable to emergence. The disadvantage is that soil with poor soil quality is not conducive to conservation after ploughing; if fertigation is adopted after fertilization, try to Deepen to 13 to 15 centimeters, then practise it.
3. Before sowing cotton, the 12 rows of wheat planter with a 15 cm spacing shall be used to evenly sow the fertilizer in the soil. Deepen as far as possible, and then ground smooth and flat, spread cotton every two or three days. The advantage is that all the fertilizer is applied to the soil and is relatively uniform; the disadvantage is that the depth of fertilization is limited.
4. Before sowing cotton, determine the size and position of the line spacing, draw a line with the plug, and broadcast the fertilizer in the middle of the expected small line. Finally, broadcast two lines of cotton on both sides of the fat line. The advantage is that the fertilizer is applied deeply and the line spacing is accurate; the disadvantage is that it requires two jobs.
Fifth, sowing fertilization simultaneously. Install the fertilizer device on the seeder and stagger the seeding device before and after. Apply the fertilizer in the middle of two rows of cotton at the same time when sowing. The fertilizer is deep and the cotton seeds are sown. Since the seeds have not germinated yet, it can be regarded as the base fertilizer; this is the current comparison. Good base fertilizer method. Guo Yan, the head of the school, uses this method.
6. Fertilize deep in the big lines immediately after sowing. The same can be considered as base fertilizer.
Because fertilizer input accounts for a large proportion of cotton field input, and the effect of fertilizer efficiency is also related to the surplus of cotton production, the emphasis on fertilization is a big issue related to the cost-effectiveness of cotton. Above for reference. The specific method used depends on the conditions.
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