In 2013, Funing County Fishery Station carried out research projects on multi-variety parenting models in several towns and townships in accordance with the requirements of the Jiangsu Provincial Marine Fisheries Bureau. Several major breeds were grouped together to explore several new breeding models or based on The characteristics of each species are combined and matched to design new breeding models, or immature breeding models are included for further testing. In the past year, several mature breeding models have been established, which can significantly improve the efficiency of use of feed, improve the quality of the water environment, reduce diseases, increase overall production capacity and overall economic benefits. Now we will introduce the test situation as follows:
Cultivate basic bait
After the breeding pond is reformed, clearing ponds shall be disinfected and sterilized with calcium oxide (limestone) 20 mg/l, bleach 20 mg/l, and tea pods 15 kg to 20 kg 15 days to 20 days before seedling release; After 7 days, about 60 centimeters of influent water is started. Bio-fertilizer or algae is used as the main ingredient. Appropriate amount of high-quality organic fertilizer is used to make the basic bait. The water color is yellow-brown and tender green.
High quality seed
The ecological polyculture model of Penaeus vannamei and Stingray was mainly promoted. The time of release of Penaeus vannamei was from April to June, and the density of seedlings was 60,000 to 80,000/mu. To purchase shrimp, PCR should be selected. No pathogen-specific shrimps were placed in the middle and then put in; with the delivery of yellow catfish fry, 2 cm to 3 cm of fry or small-sized fingerlings (40 to 80 tails/kg) can be released, 800 for summer fry. Tail ~ 1200 tails/mu, fish species 200 to 250 tails/mu.
Scientific feeding
During the whole course of breeding, the whole price of P. vannamei is fed to the full-fledged palatable formula feed, and the catfish feed is not fed separately. The quality and safety of the formulated feed should meet the requirements of SC2002 and NY5072. After the shrimp enters the pond, it can be fed within one week in the case of good basic bait cultivation, and baited 3 times to 4 times per day after each week. Each interval is 5 hours to 6 hours, and the night feeding amount accounts for the daily feeding amount. The 40%, in addition to adhere to the "small amount of meals," the principle of feeding, but also depending on food conditions, weather conditions, shrimp growth and other flexible adjustment of the amount of feeding the same day. And set up 2 to 3 material tables in the aquaculture pond, put feed on the material table every day, check the shrimp feeding conditions, and eat it in about 1 hour.
Water environment control
The water quality should meet the requirements of NY 5051. The grown water should be filtered with a mesh bag of 40 mesh to 60 mesh. Each influent water must be sterilized (dibromohydantoin 0.2 mg/l or chlorine dioxide 0.2 mg/l). In the early period of development, the water level shall be gradually increased to 1.5 meters or more; in the middle and later stages of development, the water level shall be maintained at 1.5 meters to 1.8 meters. According to the water quality, water shall be changed as appropriate, and the water shall be changed slowly. The amount of water shall not exceed each time. 15%. During the cultivation, quicklime, zeolite powder, and microbial preparations can be used to regulate water quality. In the early stage of cultivation, intermittent noon and dawn can be started respectively for 1 hour to 2 hours. Since the growth of the aerator is gradually prolonged with the growth of the shrimp, it should be prolonged in the later period to keep the dissolved oxygen in the pool at 5 mg/L. The underlying dissolved oxygen is above 3 mg/l.
Disease prevention and treatment
Prevention and control of shrimp disease should implement the principle of "prevention first, prevention and prevention of treatment," and the measures are: - to use microbial preparations to control the growth environment of the culture pond;
- Chlorine and iodine preparations are used to disinfect pool water as required;
- Adhere to the patrol ponds on a daily basis to promptly remove enemy organisms in the ponds. Once shrimp disease is discovered, take appropriate medications in time. Medication should comply with NY5071 regulations.
- Adhere to batches of shrimps. When some of the shrimps reach the commodity specifications, they must regularly catch the commodity shrimps to go on the market to reduce the breeding density and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
Develop harvest
Shrimp grow to the product specifications (body length 10 cm or more) can be listed, listed in one or more times to catch the listing, in order to reduce the stress response in the shrimp, arrested in phases required in principle to take a net to catch large Small listing.
Test analysis
The test results showed that the broodstock cultured in the Penaeus vannamei culture pool was self-propagated. Due to the large size of the broodstock, it had a certain influence on the growth of the early prawn, and the number of self-cultivated fry was small and the size was small, affecting the shrimp in the pond. Fishing. The direct mixed culture of stingray water and summer flowers, due to the small size of the fry and the poor feed supply in the culture pond, resulted in slow growth of the fry and low survival rate, predation of diseased shrimp in the aquaculture pond, and poor control of shrimp disease. The listing size is small, but the increase in production efficiency is not obvious. Mixed species of small-sized stingrays (30 to 80/kg) are more effective. They will not only pose a threat to the growth of healthy individuals of P. vannamei, but also be able to swallow sick individuals, dead shrimp, and bait in time. As a scavenger, it can effectively control the occurrence and prevalence of shrimp disease, achieve the effect of biological control, increase the production of shrimp fish in the pond, and achieve stable production and high yield. According to the comparison of production statistics, nesting small-sized stingrays can reach more than 150 g/head during the year, and the average weight gain is more than 8 times. At the same time, the stingrays and stipe can be fed separately without bait. Gain a certain amount of adult fish, increase the breeding income, and achieve better economic, ecological, and social benefits. The demonstration led to the sustained and healthy development of the South American white shrimp industry.
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