For cattle, the optimum temperature is 8°C-16°C. Most regions in northern China have Winter temperatures below 0°C, coupled with poor feeding practices, the milk production of cattle will be affected. The way to change this effect is as follows:
First, increase Sherwin
The appropriate ambient temperature for raising cattle is 8°C-16°C, and in this category, the metabolic rate of cows and the calorie production are both at a minimum. Said as: feed consumption is low, the incidence rate is low. If the temperature of the barn is below 0°C, the cattle body will emit a large amount of energy to maintain the body temperature. Therefore, it is particularly important to maintain a suitable temperature for raising cattle during the severe winter. The doors and windows and the wall seams on the west and the north side of the cowshed should be closed tightly to prevent the thieves from invading; the doors and windows on the Chaoyang side should be hung.
Second, improve the feed standard
The rumen fermentation of the cattle and the energy generated by it are transferred to maintain the body temperature, and the nutrients maintained and produced by the cattle are also correspondingly increased. It is generally 10%-15% higher than the breeding scale of the breeding house. Therefore, it is necessary to increase 15% of the mixed concentrate in the winter season so as to maintain or increase milk production.
Third, drink enough warm water
Winter cows eat more hay, and the secretion of digestive juices increases. Only about 50 liters of saliva are secreted each day. If there is not enough water, appetite will decrease, resulting in decreased milk production and even illness. The cattle need about 5 kg of water for every 1 kg of dry feed. Therefore, the total amount of drinking water can not be less than Summer. According to reports, drinking water at 8.5°C for winter cows drinks is about 8% higher than drinking water at 1.5°C. However, the long-term feeding of cows to drink warm water at 20°C makes the body weight of the cattle weaker and the digestive capacity of the stomach decrease. The suitable temperature for raising cattle winter drinking water is: 12°C-14°C for cows, 15°C-16°C for pregnant cows, and 35°C-38°C for calves.
Fourth, make up the salt
Salt is one of the important ingredients of gastric juice. Following the increase in the amount of gastric juice secreted by cows in winter, the demand for salt will increase accordingly. If the salt intake is insufficient, the appetite of the cattle will be reduced and the milk production will be reduced. The daily supply of salt should depend on the size of the cattle's body weight and the amount of milk produced. The daily supply of salt is generally 50-100 grams per day. In addition to mixing 1% of dietary concentrates, a salt tank can also be set up for cattle to feed.
V. Enhancing activities
In winter, cows are kept in a house where there is not enough light and the air is not fresh, and they do not get exercise. This will not only reduce milk production, but also lead to some diseases. Normally drive it out of the house before and after noon every day for sunbathing and breathing fresh air. At the same time, you should brush your body 2-3 times a day to keep your body surface clean, increase blood circulation, increase resistance to cold and increase your productivity. Milk volume.
Six, do a good job in health
Keeping the nest clean and dry, it is best to place soft grass on the place where the cows lie. Wet places should often be sprinkled with some wood ash, which can sterilize and prevent disease, and can absorb moisture and deodorize. In winter, it responds to cattle deworming once, but also to prevent infections and injections.
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